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The effects of maternal diabetes on expression of insulin-like growth factor-1 and insulin receptors in male developing rat hippocampus

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Abstract

Diabetes during pregnancy causes neurodevelopmental and neurocognitive abnormalities in offspring. Insulin and insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) are important regulators of developmental and cognitive functions in the central nervous system. We examined the effects of maternal diabetes on insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor (IGF-1R) and insulin receptor (InsR) expression in the developing rat hippocampus. Female rats were maintained diabetic from a week before pregnancy through parturition and male offspring was killed at P0, P7, and P14. We found a significant bilateral upregulation of both IGF-1R and InsR transcripts in the hippocampus of pups born to diabetic mothers at P0, as compared to controls. However, at the same time point, the results of western blot analysis revealed only a slight change in their protein levels. At P7, there was a marked bilateral reduction in mRNA expression and protein levels of IGF-1R, although not of InsR in the diabetic group. We also found a downregulation in IGF1-R transcripts, especially in left hippocampus of the diabetic group at P14. Moreover, at the same time point, InsR expression was significantly decreased in both hippocampi of diabetic newborns. When compared with controls, we did not find any difference in hippocampal IGF-1R or InsR mRNA and protein levels in the insulin-treated group. The present study revealed that diabetes during pregnancy strongly influences the regulation of both IGF-1R and InsR in the right/left developing hippocampi. Furthermore, the rigid control of maternal glycaemia by insulin administration normalized these effects.

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Acknowledgments

The authors gratefully acknowledge Dr. Nicola Palomero-Gallagher for her helpful comments, Dr. Iris Hack for assistance with statistical analysis and graphs, and Mr. Hossein Nomani, for technical contributions. This paper is based on the results of Javad Hami Ph.D. thesis (No. A-299) which financially was supported by a Mashhad University of Medical Sciences (MUMS) grant (No. 88463).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran

    Javad Hami & Hossein Haghir

  2. Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran

    Ariane Sadr-Nabavi

  3. Immunology Research Center, Bu-Ali Research Institute, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran

    Mojtaba Sankian

  4. Department of Clinical Toxicology, Medical Toxicology Research Center, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran

    Mehdi Balali-Mood

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  1. Javad Hami
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  2. Ariane Sadr-Nabavi
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  3. Mojtaba Sankian
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  4. Mehdi Balali-Mood
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  5. Hossein Haghir
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Correspondence to Hossein Haghir.

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Hami, J., Sadr-Nabavi, A., Sankian, M. et al. The effects of maternal diabetes on expression of insulin-like growth factor-1 and insulin receptors in male developing rat hippocampus. Brain Struct Funct 218, 73–84 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00429-011-0377-y

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00429-011-0377-y

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