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Crucial role of PA in virus life cycle and host adaptation of influenza A virus

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Abstract

The PA protein is the third subunit of the polymerase complex of influenza A virus. Compared with the other two polymerase subunits (PB2 and PB1), its precise functions are less defined. However, in recent years, advances in protein expression and crystallization technologies and also the reverse genetics, greatly accelerate our understanding of the essential role of PA in virus infection. Here, we first review the current literature on this remarkably multifunctional viral protein regarding virus life cycle, including viral RNA transcription and replication, viral genome packaging and assembly. We then discuss the various roles of PA in host adaption in avian species and mammals, general virus–host interaction, and host protein synthesis shutoff. We also review the recent findings about the novel proteins derived from PA. Finally, we discuss the prospects of PA as a target for the development of new antiviral approaches and drugs.

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Acknowledgments

We thank Shenqiang Ge for good suggestions on constructing the draft of this review, and Zenglei Hu for critical discussion of the manuscript. This work was supported by the Major State Basic Research Development Program of China (973 Program) (Grant Number 2011CB505003), by the Chinese National High-tech R&D Program (863 Program, Grant Number 2011AA10A200), by the earmarked fund for Modern Agro-industry Technology Research System (nycytx-41-G07), by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31101827) and by A Project Funded by the Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions (PAPD).

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  1. Animal Infectious Disease Laboratory, School of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, 48 East Wenhui Road, Yangzhou, 225009, Jiangsu Province, China

    Jiao Hu & Xiufan Liu

  2. Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonosis, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China

    Jiao Hu & Xiufan Liu

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Hu, J., Liu, X. Crucial role of PA in virus life cycle and host adaptation of influenza A virus. Med Microbiol Immunol 204, 137–149 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00430-014-0349-y

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