Abstract
Familial hypophosphatemic rickets is a rare disease, which is mostly transmitted as an X-linked dominant trait, and mutations on the phosphate regulating gene with homologies to endopeptidases on the X-chromosome (PHEX) gene are responsible for the disease in most familial cases. In this study we analyzed PHEX in a large cohort of 118 pedigrees representing 56 familial cases and 62 sporadic cases. The high-resolution melting curves technique was tested as a screening method, along with classical sequencing. PHEX mutations have been found in 87% of familial cases but also in 72% of sporadic cases. Missense mutations were found in 16 probands, two of which being associated with other PHEX mutations resulting into truncated proteins. By plotting missense mutations described so far on a 3D model of PHEX we observed that these mutations focus on two regions located in the inner part of the PHEX protein. Family members of 13 sporadic cases were analyzed and a PHEX mutation was detected in one of the apparently healthy mother. These results highlight the major role of PHEX in X-linked dominant hypophosphatemic rickets, and give new clues regarding the genetic analysis of the disease. A screening of the different family members should be mandatory when a PHEX mutation is assessed in a sporadic case and the search for another PHEX mutation should be systematically proceed when facing a missense mutation.
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We thank Roche Diagnostics Corporation for providing the HRM software, and all patients, as well as their families and medical practitioners, who eagerly contributed to the work.
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Gaucher, C., Walrant-Debray, O., Nguyen, TM. et al. PHEX analysis in 118 pedigrees reveals new genetic clues in hypophosphatemic rickets. Hum Genet 125, 401–411 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00439-009-0631-z
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00439-009-0631-z