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Molecular genetic studies of gene identification for sarcopenia

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Abstract

Sarcopenia, which is characterized by a progressive decrease of skeletal muscle mass and function with aging, is closely related to several common diseases (such as cardiovascular and airway diseases) and functional impairment/disability. Strong genetic determination has been reported for muscle mass and muscle strength, two most commonly recognized and studied risk phenotypes for sarcopenia, with heritability ranging from 30 to 85% for muscle strength and 45–90% for muscle mass. Sarcopenia has been the subject of increasing genetic research over the past decade. This review is designed to comprehensively summarize the most important and representative molecular genetic studies designed to identify genetic factors associated with sarcopenia. We have methodically reviewed whole-genome linkage studies in humans, quantitative trait loci mapping in animal models, candidate gene association studies, newly reported genome-wide association studies, DNA microarrays and microRNA studies of sarcopenia or related skeletal muscle phenotypes. The major results of each study are tabulated for easy comparison and reference. The findings of representative studies are discussed with respect to their influence on our present understanding of the genetics of sarcopenia. This is a comprehensive review of molecular genetic studies of gene identification for sarcopenia, and an overarching theme for this review is that the currently accumulating results are tentative and occasionally inconsistent and should be interpreted with caution pending further investigation. Consequently, this overview should enhance recognition of the need to validate/replicate the genetic variants underlying sarcopenia in large human cohorts and animal. We believe that further progress in understanding the genetic etiology of sarcopenia will provide valuable insights into important fundamental biological mechanisms underlying muscle physiology that will ultimately lead to improved ability to recognize individuals at risk for developing sarcopenia and our ability to treat this debilitating condition.

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Acknowledgments

The study was partially supported by the Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) (30771222, 30900810), NSFC—Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR) Joint Health Research Initiative Proposal (30811120436), NSFC/RGC Joint Research Scheme (30731160618), Shanghai Leading Academic Discipline Project (S30501), a grant from Ministry of Education to ShangHai University of Science and Technology and startup fund from the University of Shanghai for Science and Technology. HWD was partially supported by grants from NIH (R01 AR050496-01, R21 AG027110, R01 AG026564, P50 AR055081 and R01 AR057049).

Conflict of interest

We declare that we have no conflict of interest.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Laboratory of Molecular and Statistical Genetics and the Key Laboratory of Protein Chemistry and Developmental Biology of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, Hunan, People’s Republic of China

    Li-Jun Tan, Shan-Lin Liu, Shu-Feng Lei & Hong-Wen Deng

  2. Center for Bioinformatics and Genomics, Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Tulane University, 1440 Canal Street, New Orleans, LA, 70112, USA

    Li-Jun Tan

  3. Department of Basic Medical Science, School of Medicine, University of Missouri-Kansas City, Kansas City, MO, 64108, USA

    Christopher J. Papasian & Hong-Wen Deng

  4. Center of Systematic Biomedical Research, Shanghai University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200093, China

    Hong-Wen Deng

  5. College of Life Sciences and Technology, Beijing Jiao Tong University, Beijing, China

    Hong-Wen Deng

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  1. Li-Jun Tan
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  2. Shan-Lin Liu
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  3. Shu-Feng Lei
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  5. Hong-Wen Deng
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Hong-Wen Deng.

Additional information

The authors L.-J. Tan and S.-L. Liu contributed equally to this study.

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Tan, LJ., Liu, SL., Lei, SF. et al. Molecular genetic studies of gene identification for sarcopenia. Hum Genet 131, 1–31 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00439-011-1040-7

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