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Comparison of rat mesenchymal stem cells derived from bone marrow, synovium, periosteum, adipose tissue, and muscle

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Abstract

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are increasingly being reported as occurring in a variety of tissues. Although MSCs from human bone marrow are relatively easy to harvest, the isolation of rodent MSCs is more difficult, thereby limiting the number of experiments in vivo. To determine a suitable cell source, we isolated rat MSCs from bone marrow, synovium, periosteum, adipose, and muscle and compared their properties for yield, expansion, and multipotentiality. After two passages, the cells in each population were CD11b (−), CD45 (−), and CD90 (+). The colony number per nucleated cells derived from synovium was 100-fold higher than that for cells derived from bone marrow. With regard to expansion potential, synovium-derived cells were the highest in colony-forming efficiency, fold increase, and growth kinetics. An in vitro chondrogenesis assay demonstrated that the pellets derived from synovium were heavier, because of their greater production of cartilage matrix, than those from other tissues, indicating their superiority in chondrogenesis. Synovium-derived cells retained their chondrogenic potential after a few passages. The Oil Red-O positive colony-rate assay demonstrated higher adipogenic potential in synovium- and adipose-derived cells. Alkaline phosphatase activity was greater in periosteum- and muscle-derived cells during calcification. The yield and proliferation potential of rat MSCs from solid tissues was much better than those from bone marrow. In particular, synovium-derived cells had the greatest potential for both proliferation and chondrogenesis, indicating their usefulness for cartilage study in a rat model.

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Acknowledgements

We are grateful to Kenichi Shinomiya, MD, PhD for supporting our studies, to Yusuke Sakaguchi, MD, PhD for help with the characterization of MSCs, to Izumi Nakagawa for excellent technical assistance, to Miyoko Ojima for expert help with the histology, and to Kelly Johanson, PhD for proofreading.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Section of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan

    Hideya Yoshimura, Takeshi Muneta, Akimoto Nimura, Akiko Yokoyama & Hideyuki Koga

  2. Center of Excellence Program for Frontier Research on Molecular Destruction and Reconstruction of Tooth and Bone, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan

    Takeshi Muneta

  3. Section of Cartilage Regeneration, Graduate School, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8519, Japan

    Ichiro Sekiya

Authors
  1. Hideya Yoshimura
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  2. Takeshi Muneta
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  3. Akimoto Nimura
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  4. Akiko Yokoyama
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  5. Hideyuki Koga
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  6. Ichiro Sekiya
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Ichiro Sekiya.

Additional information

This study was supported in part by grants from the Japan Latest Osteoarthritis Society and from the Center of Excellence Program for Frontier Research on Molecular Destruction and Reconstruction of Tooth and Bone in Tokyo Medical and Dental University (to T.M.), and by the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (grant no. 18591657 to I.S.). Recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 was kindly provided by Astellas Pharma.

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Yoshimura, H., Muneta, T., Nimura, A. et al. Comparison of rat mesenchymal stem cells derived from bone marrow, synovium, periosteum, adipose tissue, and muscle. Cell Tissue Res 327, 449–462 (2007). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00441-006-0308-z

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00441-006-0308-z

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