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Effects of alendronate on tooth eruption and molar root formation in young growing rats

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Abstract

Tooth eruption consists of the movement of teeth from the bony crypt in which they initiate their development to the occlusal plane in the oral cavity. Interactions between the tooth germ and its surrounding alveolar bone occur in order to offer spatial conditions for its development and eruption. This involves bone remodeling during which resoption is a key event. Bisphosphonates are a group of drugs that interfere with the resorption of mineralized tissues. With the purpose of investigating the effects of sodium alendronate (a potent bisphosphonate inhibitor of osteoclast activity) on alveolar bone during tooth development and eruption, we gave newborn rats daily doses of this drug for 4, 14, and 30 days. Samples of the maxillary alveolar process containing the tooth germs were processed for light, transmission, and scanning electron microscopy and were also submitted to tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase histochemistry and high-resolution colloidal-gold immunolabeling for osteopontin. Inhibition of osteoclast activity by sodium alendronate caused the absence of tooth eruption. The lack of alveolar bone remodeling resulted in primary bone with the presence of latent osteoclasts and abundant osteopontin at the interfibrillar regions. The developing bone trabeculae invaded the dental follicle and reached the molar tooth germs, provoking deformities in enamel surfaces. No root formation was observed. These findings suggested that alendronate effectively inhibited tooth eruption by interfering with the activation of osteoclasts, which remained in a latent stage.

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Acknowledgements

The authors thank Dr. Antonio Nanci (University of Montreal, Canada) for supplying the anti-rat OPN antibody, and Dr. Lucienne Bonafe-Oliveira for her help during the histochemical procedures. Technical assistance by Mrs. Fernanda Barrence and Mr. Gerson B. Silva (in memoriam), ultrathin sectioning by Mr. Gaspar F. de Lima, and production of electron micrographs by Mr. Edson Oliveira are also gratefully acknowledged.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Laboratory of Mineralized Tissue Biology, Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, 05508-900, São Paulo, S.P., Brazil

    Vivian Bradaschia-Correa, Luciana F. Massa & Victor E. Arana-Chavez

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  1. Vivian Bradaschia-Correa
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  2. Luciana F. Massa
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  3. Victor E. Arana-Chavez
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Correspondence to Victor E. Arana-Chavez.

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This work was supported by grants from Fapesp (04/05831-9 and 06/60094-5) and CNPq (Brazil).

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Bradaschia-Correa, V., Massa, L.F. & Arana-Chavez, V.E. Effects of alendronate on tooth eruption and molar root formation in young growing rats. Cell Tissue Res 330, 475–485 (2007). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00441-007-0499-y

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00441-007-0499-y

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