Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) and coeliac disease (CD) are an uncommon association. Recently “MS-like illness and CNS white-matter abnormalities” have been demonstrated in patients with CD. We report the case of a 19-year-old female with MS, who presented an episode of headache at onset of disease and developed acute hepatitis (AH) 14 months later. After the diagnosis of AH, an occult CD, confirmed by jejunal biopsy, was disclosed. Constipation was the only gastrointestinal symptom. A serum sample collected before onset of MS was positive for CD. Anti-central nervous system antibodies were negative in both retrospective and current serum samples. Conclusions The concomitant presence of MS with atypical onset, AH and CD likely represents an unusual chance association in our patient but inflammatory immune-mediated damage of the central nervous system triggered by gluten could not be excluded.
Sommario
L’associazione di sclerosi multipla e celiachia non è frequente. Recentemente, “casi simili alla sclerosi multipla (MS-like) ed alterazioni della sostanza bianca del sistema nervoso centrale” sono stati descritti in pazienti affetti da celiachia. Riportiamo il caso di una ragazza di 19 anni affetta da sclerosi multipla esordita con un episodio di cefalea cui ha fatto seguito, dopo 14 mesi, l’esordio di un’epatite acuta. Confermata l’origine autoimmune dell’epatite auto-immune, è stata diagnosticata una celiachia silente, confermata da una biopsia intestinale. L’unico disturbo gastrointestinale riferito dalla paziente era la stipsi. Un campione di siero della paziente raccolto all’esordio della sclerosi multipla è risultato positivo per celiachia. La ricerca degli anticorpi anti-sistema nervoso centrale è risultata negativa sia all’esordio della sclerosi multipla che in una fase successiva. Conclusioni La presenza contemporanea nella nostra paziente di una sclerosi multipla ad esordio atipico, di un’epatite autoimmune e di una celiachia anche se non frequente è probabilmente del tutto occasionale, pur non potendosi comunque escludere un danno immunomediato del sistema nervoso centrale innescato dal glutine.
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Ferrò, M.T., Franciotta, D., Riccardi, T. et al. A case of multiple sclerosis with atypical onset associated with autoimmune hepatitis and silent coeliac disease. Neurol Sci 29, 29–31 (2008). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10072-008-0855-z
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10072-008-0855-z