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The effect of a single episode of antimicrobial photodynamic therapy in the treatment of experimental periodontitis. Microbiological profile and cytokine pattern in the dog mandible

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Abstract

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of a single application of antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) on microbiological profile and cytokine pattern in dogs. Periodontal disease was induced by placing 3.0 silk ligatures around the mandibular pre-molars bilaterally during 8 weeks. The dogs were randomly treated with aPDT using a dye/laser system, scaling and root planning (SRP), or with the association of treatments (SRP + aPDT). Plaque samples were collected at baseline, 1, 3, and 4 weeks, and the mean counts of 40 species were determined using DNA-DNA hybridization. Gingival biopsies were removed and the expression of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), receptor activator of NF-kB ligand (RANKL), osteoprotegerin (OPG), matrix metalloproteinase (MMP-1), interleukin (IL) 6, IL-10 and total bacterial load by analysis of 16 S rRNA gene were evaluated through real-time PCR. The results shows that the levels of the majority of the species were reduced 1 week post-therapy for all treatments, however, an increase in counts of Prevotella intermedia (p = 0.00), Prevotella. nigrescens (p = 0.00) and Tannerella forsythia (p = 0.00) was observed for aPDT and SRP + aPDT. After 4 weeks, a regrowth of Porphyromonas gingivalis (p = 0.00) and Treponema denticola (p = 0.00), was observed for all treatments. Also, a strikingly reduction of counts on counts of Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans was observed for the aPDT (p = 0.00). For the cytokine pattern, the results were similar for all treatments, and a reduction in the expression of cytokines and bacterial load was observed throughout the study. Our results suggest that SRP, aPDT in a single application, and SRP + aPDT affects different bacterial species and have similar effects on the expression of cytokines evaluated during the treatment of ligature-induced periodontitis.

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Acknowledgements

The diode laser, photosensitizer, and fiber optic applicator used in this study were donated by Helbo Photodynamic Systems, Grieskirchen, Austria. This study was in part supported by FAPESP (Grant # 2005/05600774-3 and 2005/60775-0). The authors report no conflicts of interest related to this study.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Bucco-Maxillo-Facial Surgery and Traumatology and Periodontology, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil

    Rafael Ramos de Oliveira, Arthur Belém Novaes Jr., Mário Taba Jr., Sérgio L. S. de Souza, Daniela B. Palioto & Márcio F. M. Grisi

  2. Department of Biological Sciences, School of Dentistry of Bauru, University of São Paulo, Bauru, SP, Brazil

    Gustavo P. Garlet

  3. Department of Dental Materials and Prostheses, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil

    Raphael F. de Souza & Sandra Sato

  4. Department of Periodontology, Dental Research Division, Guarulhos University, Guarulhos, SP, Brazil

    Magda Feres

  5. Faculdade de Odontologia de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Av. do Café s/n, 14040-904, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil

    Arthur Belém Novaes Jr.

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  1. Rafael Ramos de Oliveira
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Correspondence to Arthur Belém Novaes Jr..

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de Oliveira, R.R., Novaes, A.B., Garlet, G.P. et al. The effect of a single episode of antimicrobial photodynamic therapy in the treatment of experimental periodontitis. Microbiological profile and cytokine pattern in the dog mandible. Lasers Med Sci 26, 359–367 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10103-010-0864-z

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10103-010-0864-z

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