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Phytochemical Analysis and Evaluation of the Antioxidant, Anti-Inflammatory, and Antinociceptive Potential of Phlorotannin-Rich Fractions from Three Mediterranean Brown Seaweeds

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Abstract

Phlorotannins, phenolic compounds produced exclusively by seaweeds, have been reported to possess various pharmacological properties. However, there have been few works on these compounds from Mediterranean seaweeds. In this study, we investigated the phytochemical analysis and pharmacological potential of phlorotannin-rich fractions from three brown seaweeds collected along the Tunisia coast: Cystoseira sedoides (PHT-SED), Cladostephus spongeosis (PHT-CLAD), and Padina pavonica (PHT-PAD). Phytochemical determinations showed considerable differences in total phenolic content (TPC) and phlorotannin content (PHT). The highest TPC level (26.45 mg PGE/g dry material (Dm)) and PHT level (873.14 μg PGE/g Dm) were observed in C. sedoides. The antioxidant properties of these three fractions assessed by three different methods indicated that C. sedoides displayed the highest total antioxidant activity among the three species (71.30 mg GAE/g Dm), as well as the free radical scavenging activity with the lowest IC50 value in both DPPH (27.7 μg/mL) and ABTS (19.1 μg/mL) assays. Furthermore, the pharmacological screening of the anti-inflammatory potential of these fractions using in vivo models, in comparison to reference drugs, established a remarkable activity of PHT-SED at the dose of 100 mg/kg; the inhibition percentages of ear edema in mice model and paw edema in rats model were of 82.55 and 81.08%, respectively. The content of malondialdehyde (MDA) in liver tissues has been quantified, and PHT-SED was found to remarkably increase the lipid peroxidation in rat liver tissues. In addition, in two pain mice models, PHT-SED displayed a profound antinociceptive activity at 100 mg/kg and has proved a better analgesic activity when used in combination with the opioid drug, tramadol.

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Abbreviations

SLE:

solid liquid extraction

PHT:

phlorotannins

RSA:

radical scavenging activity

PGE:

phloroglucinol equivalent

GAE:

gallic acid equivalent

Dm:

dry material

DPPH:

2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl

ABTS:

2,2′-azinobis-3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulphonic acid

IC50 :

half maximal inhibitory concentration

MDA:

malondialdehyde

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Funding

This study was financially supported by the Ministry of Higher Education and Scientific Research of Tunisia (Grant no. LR12ES09).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Laboratory of Chemical, Galenic and Pharmacological Development of Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy of Monastir, University of Monastir, 5000, Monastir, Tunisia

    Amal Abdelhamid, Haifa Bel Haj Amor, Mehdi Dridi & Abderrahman Bouraoui

  2. Laboratory of Heterocyclic Chemistry, Natural Products and Reactivity, Medicinal Chemistry and Natural Products Team, Faculty of Sciences of Monastir, University of Monastir, 5019, Monastir, Tunisia

    Meriem Jouini

  3. Laboratory of Interfaces and Advanced Materials, Faculty of Sciences of Monastir, University of Monastir, 5000, Monastir, Tunisia

    Zeineb Mzoughi

  4. National Institute of Marine Sciences and Technologies, Salambôo, Tunis, Tunisia

    Rafik Ben Said

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  1. Amal Abdelhamid
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Correspondence to Amal Abdelhamid.

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Abdelhamid, A., Jouini, M., Bel Haj Amor, H. et al. Phytochemical Analysis and Evaluation of the Antioxidant, Anti-Inflammatory, and Antinociceptive Potential of Phlorotannin-Rich Fractions from Three Mediterranean Brown Seaweeds. Mar Biotechnol 20, 60–74 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10126-017-9787-z

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