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Response Inhibition, Peer Preference and Victimization, and Self-Harm: Longitudinal Associations in Young Adult Women with and without ADHD

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Abstract

Self-harm (suicidal ideation and attempts; non-suicidal self-injuries behavior) peaks in adolescence and early-adulthood, with rates higher for women than men. Young women with childhood psychiatric diagnoses appear to be at particular risk, yet more remains to be learned about the key predictors or mediators of self-harm outcomes. Our aims were to examine, with respect to self-harm-related outcomes in early adulthood, the predictive validity of childhood response inhibition, a cardinal trait of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), as well as the potential mediating effects of social preference and peer victimization, ascertained in early adolescence. Participants were an ethnically and socioeconomically diverse sample of 228 girls with and without ADHD, an enriched sample for deficits in response inhibition. Childhood response inhibition (RI) predicted young-adult suicide ideation (SI), suicide attempts (SA), and non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI), over and above full-scale IQ, mother’s education, household income, and age. Importantly, teacher-rated social preference in adolescence was a partial mediator of the RI-SI/SA linkages; self-reported peer victimization in adolescence emerged as a significant partial mediator of the RI-NSSI linkage. We discuss implications for conceptual models of self-harm and for needed clinical services designed to detect and reduce self-harm.

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Notes

  1. We conducted three different mediation models, one per criterion measure, and included the mediators that survived significance.

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Acknowledgments

This project was supported by a National Science Foundation Graduate Research Fellowship 2013172086, awarded to Jocelyn I. Meza, and by National Institute of Mental Health Grant R01 MH45064, awarded to Stephen P. Hinshaw. We would also like to thank the young women who have participated in our ongoing investigation, and our graduate students, staff, and research assistants.

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The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

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  1. University of California, 2205 Tolman Hall, Berkley, CA, 94720-1650, USA

    Jocelyn I. Meza, Elizabeth B. Owens & Stephen P. Hinshaw

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  1. Jocelyn I. Meza
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Meza, J.I., Owens, E.B. & Hinshaw, S.P. Response Inhibition, Peer Preference and Victimization, and Self-Harm: Longitudinal Associations in Young Adult Women with and without ADHD. J Abnorm Child Psychol 44, 323–334 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10802-015-0036-5

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