Skip to main content
Log in

The Effects of Enhanced Milieu Teaching and a Voice Output Communication Aid on the Requesting of Three Children with Autism

  • Original Paper
  • Published:
Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of enhanced milieu teaching when combined with a voice output communication aid on the requesting skills of three children with autism. The research design was a multiple probe across participants. All sessions were conducted during 5-min play sessions in the child’s classroom. All three children learned to use the voice output communication aid to request items during play. Additionally, all three children increased their total requesting during play.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Fig. 1
Fig. 2

Similar content being viewed by others

Notes

  1. A VOCA consists of a switch device linked to a pre-recorded message or synthesized speech output. Each time the switch is pressed; the message is activated and heard by listeners.

  2. From here forward, all adult implementers will be called teachers even though two were actually assistant teachers.

References

  • Alberto, P. A., & Troutman, A. C. (2003). Applied behavior analysis for teachers. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Merrill Prentice Hall.

    Google Scholar 

  • Alpert, C. L., & Kaiser, A. P. (1992). Training parents as milieu language teachers. Journal of Early Intervention, 16, 31–52.

    Google Scholar 

  • Brady, N. C. (2000). Improved comprehension of object names following voice output communication aid use: Two case studies. AAC: Augmentative and Alternative Communication, 16, 197–204.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bryson, S. (1996). Brief report: Epidemiology of autism. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 26, 165–167.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Drager, K. D. R., Light, J. C., Carlson, R., D‘Silva, K., Larsson, B., Pitkin, L., et al. (2004). Learning of dynamic display AAC technologies by typically developing 3-year-olds: Effect of different layouts and menu approaches. Journal of Speech, Language and Hearing Research, 47, 1133–1149.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Girolametto, L., & Weitzman, E. (2002). Responsiveness of child-care providers in interactions with toddlers and preschoolers. Language, Speech, and Hearing Services in Schools, 33, 268–280.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hancock, T. B., & Kaiser, A. P. (1996). Siblings’ use of milieu teaching at home. Topics in Early Childhood Special Education, 16, 168–190.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hancock, T. B., & Kaiser, A. P. (2002). The effects of trainer-implemented enhanced milieu teaching on the social communication of children with autism. Topics in Early Childhood Special Education, 22, 39–54.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hemmeter, M. L., & Kaiser, A. P. (1994). Enhanced milieu teaching: Effects of parent-implemented language intervention. Journal of Early Intervention, 18, 269–289.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Horner, R. H., & Baer, D. M. (1978). Multiple probe technique: A variation of the multiple baseline. Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 11, 189–196.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Johnston, S., Nelson, C., Evans, J., & Palazolo, K. (2003). The use of visual supports in teaching young children with autism spectrum disorder to initiate interactions. AAC: Augmentative and Alternative Communication, 19, 86–104.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kaiser, A. P., Hancock, T. B., & Nietfeld, J. P. (2000). The effects of parent-implemented enhanced milieu teaching on the social communication of children who have autism. Early Education and Development, 11, 421–446.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kaiser, A. P., & Hemmeter, M. L. (1996). The effects of teaching parents to use responsive interaction strategies. Topics in Early Childhood Special Education, 16, 375–406.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kaiser, A. P., & Hester, P. P. (1994). Generalized effects of enhanced milieu teaching. Journal of Speech and Hearing Research, 37, 1320–1340.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Lord, C., & Paul, R. (1997). Language and communication in autism. In D. Cohen & F. Volkmar (Eds.), Handbook of autism and pervasive developmental disorders (pp. 195–225). New York: John Wiley and Sons.

  • McCathren, R. B. (2000). Teacher-implemented prelinguistic communication intervention. Focus on Autism and Other Developmental Disabilities, 15, 21–29.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Page, T. J., & Iwata, B. A. (1986). Interobserver agreement: History, theory, and current methods. In A. Poling & R. W. Fuqua (Eds.), Research methods in applied behavior analysis: Issues and advances (pp. 99–126). New York: Plenum.

    Google Scholar 

  • Schepis, M. M., Reid, D. H., Behrmann, M. M., & Sutton, K. A. (1998). Increasing communicative interactions of young children with autism using a voice output. Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 31, 561–578.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Schopler, E., Reichler, R. J., & Renner, B. R. (1988). The childhood autism rating scale (CARS). Los Angeles: Western Psychological Services.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sigafoos, J., Drasgow, E., Halle, J. W., O‘Reilly, M., Seely-York, S., Edrisinha, C., et al. (2004). Teaching VOCA use as a communicative repair strategy. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 34, 411–423.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Sparrow, S. S., Balla, D. A., Cicchetti, D. V., & Doll, E. A. (1985). Vineland adaptive behavior scales. Circle Pines, MN: American Guidance Service.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgments

This research was supported in part by a UT-Austin Undergraduate Research Fellowship to Christie Layton and a UT Austin Summer Research Award to Melissa Olive. However, the opinions expressed herein do not necessarily reflect the position or policy of The University of Texas at Austin and no official endorsement by the University should be inferred. The authors would like to thank the Moore-Weis Children’s Center of Austin, the Round Rock Independent School District, and the participants and their parents for participation in this study.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Melissa L. Olive.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Olive, M.L., de la Cruz, B., Davis, T.N. et al. The Effects of Enhanced Milieu Teaching and a Voice Output Communication Aid on the Requesting of Three Children with Autism. J Autism Dev Disord 37, 1505–1513 (2007). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10803-006-0243-6

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10803-006-0243-6

Keywords

Navigation