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Thermal analysis of contemporary glass-ionomer restorative materials

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Abstract

The thermal characteristics of four conventional glass-ionomer cement (GIC) dental restorative products as well as five resin-modified glass-ionomer (RMGI) materials over 1-year of storage were investigated. All materials were prepared following manufacturer’s recommendations and placed into 40 μL aluminum differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) crucibles. Samples (n = 5) were stored at 37 °C and 98 ± 2 % humidity until their appointed time of evaluation at which they were first subjected to specific heat analysis using DSC over 20–60 °C that was immediately followed by a 37–600 °C thermal scan at 10 °C min−1. Samples were evaluated immediately after preparation, at 24 h, 1 week, 1 month, as well as at 3, 6, 9, and 12 months. Mean thermal results were compared with analysis of variance and Scheffe post-hoc testing (p = 0.05). All materials absorbed water during storage. Conventional GIC materials demonstrated increased polyalkenoate polymer maturity over the 12-month storage. The paste–paste RMGI materials, absorbed more water during storage and had increased specific heat values compared to powder–liquid RMGI materials. Of the RMGI materials investigated, only two materials demonstrated evidence of a continuing polyalkenoate matrix maturity that was within the limitations of the technology used, indicating the resin component in some newer formulations of RMGI restorative materials may severely limit the polyalkenoate reaction.

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Acknowledgements

The authors are grateful for the generosity of the manufacturers who supplied the glass-ionomer materials for this study.

Disclaimer

The authors have not financial interest in any of the materials used in this evaluation and any use does not imply endorsement. Any opinions expressed in this work represent those of the authors only and do not represent the official opinions of the United States Air Force, Department of Defense, or the United States Government.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Graduate Dental Research, 81 Dental Squadron, 606 Fisher Street, Keesler AFB, MS, 39531, USA

    Howard Roberts

  2. Graduate Dental Biomaterials, Marquette University, PO Box 1881, 113A Wehr Physics Building, Milwaukee, WI, 53201, USA

    David Berzins

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  1. Howard Roberts
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Correspondence to Howard Roberts.

Electronic supplementary material

Below is the link to the electronic supplementary material.

Supplementary material 1 (PDF 12 kb)

Supplementary material 2 (PDF 12 kb)

Caption ESM_3: Representative Thermal Scans for Fuji IX GP. (PDF 45 kb)

Caption ESM_4: Representative Thermal Scans for Fuji IX GP EXTRA (PDF 43 kb)

Caption ESM_5: Representative Thermal Scans for Ketac Molar Quick. (PDF 42 kb)

Caption ESM_6: Representative Thermal Scans for Fuji II LC. (PDF 37 kb)

Caption ESM_7: Representative Thermal Scans for Vitremer. (PDF 38 kb)

Caption ESM_8: Representative Thermal Scans for Photac Fill Quick. (PDF 40 kb)

Caption ESM_9: Representative Thermal Scans for Fuji Filling LC (PDF 41 kb)

Caption ESM_10: Representative Thermal Scans for Ketac Nano (PDF 40 kb)

Supplementary material 11 (PDF 12 kb)

Supplementary material 12 (PDF 12 kb)

Supplementary material 13 (PDF 12 kb)

Supplementary material 14 (PDF 12 kb)

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Roberts, H., Berzins, D. Thermal analysis of contemporary glass-ionomer restorative materials. J Therm Anal Calorim 115, 2099–2106 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10973-013-3428-1

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10973-013-3428-1

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