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Neurotoxicity of Ammonia

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Abstract

Abnormal liver function has dramatic effects on brain functions. Hyperammonemia interferes profoundly with brain metabolism, astrocyte volume regulation, and in particular mitochondrial functions. Gene expression in the brain and excitatory and inhibitory neurotransmission circuits are also affected. Experiments with a number of pertinent animal models have revealed several potential mechanisms which could underlie the pathological phenomena occurring in hepatic encephalopathy.

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  1. Medical School, 33014, University of Tampere, Finland

    Simo S. Oja & Pirjo Saransaari

  2. Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland

    Esa R. Korpi

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  1. Simo S. Oja
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Oja, S.S., Saransaari, P. & Korpi, E.R. Neurotoxicity of Ammonia. Neurochem Res 42, 713–720 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11064-016-2014-x

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