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Functional Food Quality of Curcuma caesia, Curcuma zedoaria and Curcuma aeruginosa Endemic to Northeastern India

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Abstract

Curcuma spp. (Zingiberaceae) is one of the significant ingredients in food and traditional medicines. The current study was to investigate health-benefits of the rhizomes of endemic Curcuma caesia, Curcuma zedoaria and Curcuma aeruginosa using in vitro antioxidant, antiinflammatory and human tumor cell proliferation inhibitory activities. Among these, C. caesia (black turmeric) showed the best overall biological activities based on [3-(4, 5-dimethylthiazole-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide] (MTT) and lipid peroxidation (LPO), cyclooxygenase (COX-1 and -2) enzymes, and tumor cell growth inhibitory assays. The hexane and methanolic extracts of C. caesia (CCH and CCM) showed LPO inhibition by 31 and 43 %, and COX-2 enzyme by 29 and 38 %, respectively, at 100 μg/ml. Eleven terpenoids were isolated and identified. The MTT antioxidant assay revealed that the extracts of three Curcuma spp. at 250 μg/ml and isolates at 5 μg/ml demonstrated activity comparable to positive controls vitamin C and t-butyl hydroquinone (TBHQ) at 25 μg/ml. The extracts inhibited LPO by 40 % at 250 μg/ml whereas pure isolates 1–11 by about 20 %. The extracts and isolates inhibited COX-1 and -2 enzymes between the ranges of 3–56 and 5–30 %, respectively. The in vitro biological activity exhibited by the extracts and isolates of C. caesia rhizome further supported its use in traditional medicine.

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Acknowledgement

This work was supported by Michigan State University AgBioResearch, East Lansing, Michigan, USA and National Agricultural Innovation Project (NAIP), Indian Council of Agricultural Research, New Delhi, India.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Bioactive Natural Products and Phytoceuticals Laboratory, Department of Horticulture, Michigan State University, 1066 Bogue St., Room 420, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA

    Yunbao Liu, Subhra Saikat Roy, Roger H. C. Nebie & Muraleedharan G. Nair

  2. Division of Horticulture, ICAR Research Complex for NEH Region, Manipur Center, Lamphelpat, Imphal, 795 004, India

    Subhra Saikat Roy

  3. Department of Natural Products, Applied Science and Technology Research Institute, 03 BP 7047, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso

    Roger H. C. Nebie

  4. University of California Los Angeles, Center for Human Nutrition, Los Angeles, 90095, CA, USA

    Yanjun Zhang

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  1. Yunbao Liu
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  2. Subhra Saikat Roy
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  3. Roger H. C. Nebie
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  4. Yanjun Zhang
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  5. Muraleedharan G. Nair
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Correspondence to Muraleedharan G. Nair.

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Liu, Y., Roy, S.S., Nebie, R.H.C. et al. Functional Food Quality of Curcuma caesia, Curcuma zedoaria and Curcuma aeruginosa Endemic to Northeastern India. Plant Foods Hum Nutr 68, 72–77 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11130-013-0333-5

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