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High frequency of Aichivirus C (porcine kobuvirus) infection in piglets from different geographic regions of Brazil

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Abstract

The aim of this study was to evaluate the frequency of Aichivirus C infection in the three major industrial pig-producing regions of Brazil. This retrospective study evaluated 63 faecal samples that were collected between 2004 and 2011 from suckling piglets (1 to 3 weeks old) belonging to 46 pig herds located in the South, Southeast and Central-west regions of Brazil. The presence of Aichivirus C in the samples was evaluated by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction assay. A 216-bp fragment of the aichivirus RNA-dependent RNA polymerase gene was amplified from 48 out of 63 (76.2 %) faecal samples. Aichivirus C was identified in all the evaluated regions, and variations in the frequency of virus detection among the different Brazilian regions were observed. Aichivirus C was detected at significantly higher rates in 2-week-old (18/20; 90.0 %) and 3-week-old (19/22; 86.4 %) piglets than in 1-week-old piglets (11/21; 52.4 %) (P < 0.05). The nucleotide sequences of three amplicons clustered together with other sequences previously isolated in Brazil, revealing that there were no phylogenetic differences in the strains of Aichivirus C by region or age. This study demonstrated that Aichivirus C has been present in Brazilian pig herds for years and has spread to the major pig-producing regions of the country.

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Acknowledgments

We would like to thank the following Brazilian Institutes for financial support: the National Council of Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq), the Brazilian Federal Agency for Support and Evaluation of Graduate Education (CAPES), Financing of Studies and Projects (FINEP) and the Araucária Fundation (FAP/PR). Alfieri, A.A. and Alfieri, A.F. are recipients of CNPq fellowships.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Laboratory of Animal Virology, Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Rodovia Celso Garcia Cid - Campus Universitário, PO Box 10011, 86057-970, Londrina, Paraná, Brazil

    Juliane Ribeiro, Raquel de Arruda Leme, Alice Fernandes Alfieri & Amauri Alcindo Alfieri

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  1. Juliane Ribeiro
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  2. Raquel de Arruda Leme
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  3. Alice Fernandes Alfieri
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  4. Amauri Alcindo Alfieri
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Correspondence to Amauri Alcindo Alfieri.

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Ribeiro, J., de Arruda Leme, R., Alfieri, A.F. et al. High frequency of Aichivirus C (porcine kobuvirus) infection in piglets from different geographic regions of Brazil. Trop Anim Health Prod 45, 1757–1762 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11250-013-0428-x

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