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Vegetative propagation and its possible role as a genetic bottleneck in the shaping of the apple fruit crinkle viroid populations in apple and hop plants

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Abstract

Apple fruit crinkle viroid (AFCVd) infects apples and hops. To analyze the genetic diversity of AFCVd, nine apple and six hop isolates were collected from several locations in Japan. In total, 76 independent cDNA clones were used for sequencing and phylogenetic analyses. Two major population clusters were identified. The first consisted of all four hop isolates from Akita and some from Yamagata. The second cluster consisted of some Yamagata hop and all apple isolates. On the basis of the polymorphism found in the nucleotide insertion between positions 142/143 of the AFCVd genome and the history of hop cultivation in the region, it appears likely that one of the AFCVd populations that pre-existed in the Yamagata hops served as a “founder” for the Akita hop cluster. In this scenario, a genetic bottleneck caused by vegetative propagation played an important role in the shaping of viroid populations in a cultivated crop.

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Acknowledgments

This work was supported in part by Grant-in Aid for Scientific Research B18380028 and 18658016 from Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, and Grant-in Aid-for Scientific Research of Priority Area, Hirosaki University 2004–2006. This work was also supported in part by a grant from the Brewers Association of Japan

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Plant Pathology, Faculty of Agriculture and Life Science, Hirosaki University, Hirosaki, 036-8561, Japan

    Teruo Sano, Sayaka Isono, Keigo Matsuki & Kazuaki Tanaka

  2. Gene Research Center, Hirosaki University, Hirosaki, 036-8561, Japan

    Teruo Sano

  3. The United Graduate School of Agricultural Sciences, Iwate University, Morioka, 020-8550, Japan

    Yoko Kawaguchi-Ito

  4. Nagano Fruit Tree Experiment Station, 492 Ogawara, Suzaka, Nagano, 382-0072, Japan

    Ken-ichi Kondo & Akira Iijima

  5. The S. Tolkowsky Laboratory, Department of Plant Pathology, Volcani Center, ARO, Bet Dagan, Israel

    Moshe Bar-Joseph

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  1. Teruo Sano
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  2. Sayaka Isono
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  4. Yoko Kawaguchi-Ito
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  5. Kazuaki Tanaka
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  6. Ken-ichi Kondo
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  7. Akira Iijima
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  8. Moshe Bar-Joseph
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Correspondence to Teruo Sano.

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Sano, T., Isono, S., Matsuki, K. et al. Vegetative propagation and its possible role as a genetic bottleneck in the shaping of the apple fruit crinkle viroid populations in apple and hop plants. Virus Genes 37, 298–303 (2008). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11262-008-0270-9

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11262-008-0270-9

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