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Molecular epidemiology of outbreak-associated pseudorabies virus (PRV) strains in central China

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Abstract

In several parts of China, there have been a large number of pseudorabies (PR) outbreaks which have devastated many swine farms even though the herds had been previously immunized with gE-deleted vaccines (Bartha-K61). The emergence of these outbreak-associated PRV strains might indicate that Bartha-K61 vaccine could not provide effective protection and poses challenges for current serologic diagnostics of anti-PRV antibodies. Here, we performed phylogenetic analyses based on partial gE, gB, and gC genes to provide information about the molecular epidemiology, diagnostics, and immune protection in these outbreak-associated PRV strains. Our results indicated that the maximal nucleotide sequence divergence for gE, gB, and gC genes are 1.7, 0.4, and 2.7 % within the cluster where outbreak-associated PRV strains were located, and are 2.3, 2.7, and 7.6 % with other clusters in the phylogenetic trees, respectively. Phylogenetic analyses revealed that gE, gB, and gC genes of the twelve outbreak-associated PRV strains clustered to a relatively independent branch of the tree, and evolved from the same ancestor with strains Ea-China-1999, Fa-China-2001, and BJ-China-2008. The genetic relationship between these outbreak-associated PRV strains and strain Bartha is not close which may genetically explain the emergence of PR outbreaks in Bartha-K61-vaccinated swine farms. We suggest that these outbreak-associated PRV strains originate from earlier strains in local regions in China.

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Acknowledgments

This work was supported by grants from China Agriculture Research System (No. CARS-36), the Pig Industry Technology System Innovation Team Project of Henan Province (S2012-06) and the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 31172348). The authors are grateful to the invaluable comments from Renfeng Li, from Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, P.R. China, and would like to thank Dr Gregson, University College London, for revising the paper.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, No. 5333 Xi’an Road, Changchun, 130062, Jilin, People’s Republic of China

    Yinbiao Wang & Gaiping Zhang

  2. Key Laboratory of Animal Immunology of the Ministry of Agriculture, Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Immunology, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, 450002, People’s Republic of China

    Yinbiao Wang, Songlin Qiao, Xuewu Li, Weitao Xie, Junqing Guo, Qingmei Li, Xiao Liu, Jie Hou, Yanqi Xu, Li Wang & Chengliu Guo

  3. College of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, People’s Republic of China

    Weitao Xie, Xiao Liu, Jie Hou, Yanqi Xu & Gaiping Zhang

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  1. Yinbiao Wang
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  2. Songlin Qiao
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  3. Xuewu Li
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  10. Li Wang
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  11. Chengliu Guo
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  12. Gaiping Zhang
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Correspondence to Songlin Qiao or Gaiping Zhang.

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Edited by William Dundon.

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Wang, Y., Qiao, S., Li, X. et al. Molecular epidemiology of outbreak-associated pseudorabies virus (PRV) strains in central China. Virus Genes 50, 401–409 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11262-015-1190-0

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