Abstract
Purpose
The aim of this study was to accurately determine the prevalence of obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) in patients with epilepsy (PWE) and to evaluate the efficacy of seizure control after treating OSA.
Methods
Articles were identified through a search of both MEDLINE and Embase. The articles were collected and data were extracted independently by two authors. OSA was described using the following terms: Apnoea/hypopnoea index (AHI) and respiratory disturbance index (RDI). The variables were calculated using DerSimonian and Laird’s random-effects model and odds ratio (OR).
Results
The prevalence of mild-to-severe OSA in PWE was determined to be 33.4 % (95 % CI 20.8–46.1 %), and PWE are more susceptible to OSA as compared to healthy controls (OR 2.36; 95 % CI 1.33–4.18). Males were shown to be more susceptible to OSA than females (OR 3.00; 95 % CI 2.25–3.99). The results also indicated that the prevalence of OSA in patients with refractory epilepsy is not higher than the prevalence of OSA in PWE overall (17.5 vs 33.4 %). The prevalence of OSA was not found to be significantly different for different seizure types or in the number of antiepileptic drugs (AEDs). Patients that had been treated with continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) were shown to have better seizure control than those untreated (OR 5.26; 95 % CI 2.04–13.5).
Conclusions
The prevalence of OSA in PWE is higher than in the general population. Additionally, the results of our study suggest that CPAP treatment results in a reduction of seizures.
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This is a meta-analysis; thus, the requirement for an ethics and consent statement is not needed.
Funding
This study is funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (grant no. 3970046) and the Science & Technology Department of Sichuan Province, China (grant no. 2013SZ0003). The sponsor had no role in the design or conduct of this research.
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The authors declare that they have no competing interests.
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This is a meta-analysis which does not involve human subjects; thus, the requirement for informed consent is not needed.
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Lin, Z., Si, Q. & Xiaoyi, Z. Obstructive sleep apnoea in patients with epilepsy: a meta-analysis. Sleep Breath 21, 263–270 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11325-016-1391-3
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11325-016-1391-3