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Effects of smoking on D2/D3 striatal receptor availability in alcoholics and social drinkers

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Abstract

Studies have reported lower striatal D2/D3 receptor availability in both alcoholics and cigarette smokers relative to healthy controls. These substances are commonly co-abused, yet the relationship between comorbid alcohol/tobacco abuse and striatal D2/D3 receptor availability has not been examined. We sought to determine the degree to which dual abuse of alcohol and tobacco is associated with lower D2/D3 receptor availability. Eighty-one subjects (34 nontreatment-seeking alcoholic smokers [NTS-S], 21 social-drinking smokers [SD-S], and 26 social-drinking non-smokers [SD-NS]) received baseline [11C]raclopride scans. D2/D3 binding potential (BPND ≡ Bavail/KD) was estimated for ten anatomically defined striatal regions of interest (ROIs). Significant group effects were detected in bilateral pre-commissural dorsal putamen, bilateral pre-commissural dorsal caudate; and bilateral post-commissural dorsal putamen. Post-hoc testing revealed that, regardless of drinking status, smokers had lower D2/D3 receptor availability than non-smoking controls. Chronic tobacco smokers have lower striatal D2/D3 receptor availability than non-smokers, independent of alcohol use. Additional studies are needed to identify the mechanisms by which chronic tobacco smoking is associated with striatal dopamine receptor availability.

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Acknowledgments

Supported by ABMRF/The Foundation for Alcohol Research (KKY), NIAAA 5P60AA007611-25 (pilot P50 to KKY), NIAAA R21AA016901 (KKY), NIAAA R01AA018354 (KKY) and the Indiana Clinical and Translational Sciences Institute (NIH TR000006, Indiana Clinical Research Center).

The authors would like to thank Christine Herring, Lauren Federici, Cari Cox Lehigh, and Elizabeth Patton for assistance with recruitment and data collection; Kevin Perry for acquisition of PET data; Michele Beal and Courtney Robbins for assistance with MR scanning; and Dr. Bruce Mock, Dr. Clive Brown-Proctor, Dr. Qi-Huang Zheng, Barbara Glick-Wilson and Brandon Steele for [11C]raclopride synthesis. We also thank Dr. Andrew Saykin, Dr. Gary Hutchins, and Dr. Nicholas Grahame for valuable discussion regarding data analysis.

Conflict of Interest

The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

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  1. Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Indiana University School of Medicine, R2 E124, 950 W. Walnut St., Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA

    Daniel S. Albrecht, David A. Kareken & Karmen K. Yoder

  2. Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA

    Daniel S. Albrecht, David A. Kareken & Karmen K. Yoder

  3. Center for Neuroimaging, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA

    Daniel S. Albrecht, David A. Kareken & Karmen K. Yoder

  4. Department of Neurology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA

    David A. Kareken

Authors
  1. Daniel S. Albrecht
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  2. David A. Kareken
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  3. Karmen K. Yoder
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Correspondence to Karmen K. Yoder.

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Albrecht, D.S., Kareken, D.A. & Yoder, K.K. Effects of smoking on D2/D3 striatal receptor availability in alcoholics and social drinkers. Brain Imaging and Behavior 7, 326–334 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11682-013-9233-4

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11682-013-9233-4

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