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MicroRNAs in the Brain: It's Regulatory Role in Neuroinflammation

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Abstract

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are single-stranded noncoding regions of approximately 21 nucleotides that regulate protein synthesis by targeting mRNAs for translational repression or degradation at the post-transcriptional level. These classes of RNAs are highly conserved across species and are known to regulate several protein-coding genes in humans. Therefore, their dysregulation is synonymous with inflammation, autoimmunity, neurodegeneration, viral infections, heart diseases, and cancer, among other conditions. Recent years have witnessed considerable amount of research interest in studies on miRNA-mediated modulation of gene function during neuroinflammation. This review is a meticulous compilation of information on biogenesis of miRNAs and their role in neuroinflammatory diseases. Further, their potential as markers of inflammatory diseases or novel therapeutic agents against neuroinflammation has also been discussed in detail.

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Acknowledgments

The work in the author's laboratory is funded by grants from the Department of Biotechnology(Award #s BT/PR/5799/MED/14/698/2005 and BT/PR8682/Med/14/1273/2007), Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (27(0173)/07/EMR-II), and Life Science Research Board, Defense Research & Developmental Organization (DLS/81/48222/LSRB-213/EPB2010), Government of India. A.B. is a recipient of the National Bioscience Award for Career Development from DBT.

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  1. National Brain Research Centre, Manesar, Haryana, 122050, India

    Menaka C. Thounaojam, Deepak K. Kaushik & Anirban Basu

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  1. Menaka C. Thounaojam
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  2. Deepak K. Kaushik
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Correspondence to Anirban Basu.

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Thounaojam, M.C., Kaushik, D.K. & Basu, A. MicroRNAs in the Brain: It's Regulatory Role in Neuroinflammation. Mol Neurobiol 47, 1034–1044 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12035-013-8400-3

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12035-013-8400-3

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