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Gender Differences in the Effect of Past Year Victimization on Self-Reported Physical and Mental Health: Findings from the 2010 National Intimate Partner and Sexual Violence Survey

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Abstract

The current study examined past year intimate partner violence (IPV; physical violence, coercive control, reproductive control, and psychological aggression) and sexual victimization on self-reported physical and mental health. Doing so provides a proxy longitudinal analysis of victimization on self-reported health outcomes. Data were from the 2010 National Intimate Partner and Sexual Violence Survey, a nationally representative sample of U.S. men and women. Given the differential risk of victimization, gender specific analyses were conducted. Findings from the logistic regression (N = 13,699) of the full sample (i.e., both women and men in analyses) indicated past year victimization was not significantly associated with self-reported poor/fair physical health. Among the full sample and the female-only sample (N = 7433), past year coercive control increased the odds of self-reported poor/fair mental health. The remaining types of victimization were not associated with self-reported mental health among the full sample or female respondents. Past year victimization was not associated with self-reported physical or mental health for male respondents (N = 6266). Directions for future research and policy implications related to interventions within healthcare settings are discussed.

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Notes

  1. The NISVS is an ongoing data collection effort that was first conducted in 2010. However, the 2010 NISVS was the only iteration supported by the National Institute of Justice and for which the survey data has been released to the research community.

  2. In a later expansion of the typology, two additional categories were added and include: (1) violent resistance and (2) mutual violent control (Johnson 2008). The focus of the current analyses is on coercive control. For consistency, we use the phrase coercive control rather than intimate terrorism.

  3. In total, 3.6% of respondents reported poor physical health and 12.8% reported fair physical health.

  4. In total, 1.5% of respondents reported poor mental health and 7.4% reported fair mental health.

  5. The full list of items within the physical violence scale also included: 1) Hit with fist or something hard, 2) Pulled hair, 3) Slammed against something, 4) Beaten, and 5) Used knife or gun.

  6. The full list of items within the coercive control scale also included 1) Kept track of respondent by demanding to know where respondent was or what respondent was doing, 2) Threatened to hurt themselves or commit suicide when upset with respondent, 3) Threatened to hurt a pet or to take a pet away, 4) Threatened to hurt someone respondent loves, 5) Hurt someone the respondent loves, 6) Kept respondent from leaving the house when respondent wanted to go, 7) Kept respondent from having money for his or her own use, 8) Destroyed something that was important to the respondent, and 9) Said things like “If I can’t have you, then no one can,”

  7. The full list of items in the reproductive coercive control scale also included 1) Tried to get respondent pregnant when respondent did not want to become pregnant or tried to stop respondent from using birth control (for female respondents) or tried to get pregnant when respondent did not want them to get pregnant or tried to stop respondent from using birth control (for male respondents) and 12) Refused to wear a condom when respondent wanted perpetrator to use one.

  8. The full list of items for the psychological aggression measure also included: 1) Told respondent was a loser, failure, or not good enough, 2) Insulted, humiliated, or made the respondent in front of others, and 3) Told respondent that no one else would want respondent.

  9. Copyright © SAS Institute Inc. SAS and all other SAS Institute Inc. product or service names are registered trademarks or trademarks of SAS Institute Inc., Cary, NC, USA.

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Funding

Brittany E. Hayes and Phillip M. Kopp received funding from their respective institutions to attend an NIJ sponsored workshop on the 2010 National Intimate Partner and Sexual Violence Survey data.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Criminal Justice and Criminology, Sam Houston State University, P.O. Box 2296, Huntsville, TX, 77341, USA

    Brittany E. Hayes

  2. Division of Politics, Administration, and Justice, California State University, Fullerton, 800 N. State College Blvd., Fullerton, CA, 92834-6848, USA

    Phillip M. Kopp

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Hayes, B.E., Kopp, P.M. Gender Differences in the Effect of Past Year Victimization on Self-Reported Physical and Mental Health: Findings from the 2010 National Intimate Partner and Sexual Violence Survey. Am J Crim Just 45, 293–312 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12103-019-09510-7

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