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Mindfulness, Work Climate, and Psychological Need Satisfaction in Employee Well-being

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Abstract

The present study investigated how both mindfulness and managerial autonomy support affect work adjustment. Two hundred and fifty-nine working adults were recruited online, and they were assessed for individual differences in mindfulness and the autonomy-supportive versus controlling style of their management at work. Also assessed were indicators of work-related adjustment, namely, burnout, turnover intention, and absenteeism. Results showed that both autonomy support and mindfulness had direct relations with employee work well-being. Less autonomy-supportive work climates thwarted employee’s basic psychological needs at work, which partially explained the association of lower autonomy support at work and decreased work adjustment. These indirect effects were moderated by mindfulness. Specifically, people higher in mindfulness were less likely to feel need frustration, even in unsupportive managerial environments. Mindfulness thus appears to act as a protective factor in controlling work environments. These results not only highlight mindfulness as a potential pathway to wellness at the workplace, but also speak to the relevance of autonomy support in work environments in promoting employee work well-being.

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Acknowledgments

The authors would like to thank Melissa Sturge-Apple and Dev Crasta from the University of Rochester for their assistance and support with Multiple Imputation methods and Structural Equation Modeling.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institute for Positive Psychology and Education, Australian Catholic University, 25A Barker Road, Strathfield, NSW, 2135, Australia

    Richard M. Ryan

  2. Department of Clinical and Social Sciences in Psychology, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA

    Patricia P. Schultz, Christopher P. Niemiec & Geoffrey C. Williams

  3. Department of Psychology, Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, IL, USA

    Nicole Legate

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  1. Patricia P. Schultz
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Correspondence to Richard M. Ryan.

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Schultz, P.P., Ryan, R.M., Niemiec, C.P. et al. Mindfulness, Work Climate, and Psychological Need Satisfaction in Employee Well-being. Mindfulness 6, 971–985 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12671-014-0338-7

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