Résumé
La réhabilitation en réanimation comprend un ensemble de techniques et de procédés dont le but est de s’opposer aux effets délétères de l’immobilisation prolongée au lit et de l’inactivité. Les méthodes qui sont abordées dans cette revue sont : mobilisation active et passive des membres supérieurs et des membres inférieurs, exercices actifs au lit avec ou sans l’aide d’un soignant comme l’utilisation d’un pédalier, standing et verticalisation, transfert du lit au fauteuil avec maintien au fauteuil au moins 20 minutes deux fois par jour, marche avec ou sans un cadre de marche, en ventilation mécanique. Le caractère précoce est très important car il souligne la volonté de mettre en œuvre ces techniques alors que le patient est encore assisté notamment par la ventilation mécanique. L’objectif de cet article est de montrer que cette stratégie est possible et bénéfique aux malades.
Abstract
Rehabilitation in the intensive care unit includes all the techniques aiming to prevent deleterious the effects of prolonged immobilisation. Different methods are presented in this review: active and passive mobilisation of upper and lower limbs, active bed excercices with or without a caregiver such as cycling, standing-up, bed to chair transfer with periods of 20-minute sitting in the chair per day, walking with or without help while the patient is still mechanically ventilated. Early mobilisation is very important and should be started while the patients is still mechanically ventilated. The aim of this article is to show that such a strategy is feasible and beneficial for the patient.
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Cet article correspond à la conférence faite par l’auteur au congrès de la SRLF 2015 dans la session : Dysfonction neuromusculaire acquise en réanimation.
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Guérin, C., Burle, J.F. Réhabilitation précoce en réanimation. C’est possible. Réanimation 24 (Suppl 2), 371–378 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13546-014-1005-7
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13546-014-1005-7