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Antibiotic Resistant Bacteria Found in Municipal Drinking Water

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Abstract

Multidrug resistant bacteria in water supply systems have been emerging as a growing public health concern. Many factors affect the source and fate of these bacteria. However, conditions in the plumbing systems may contribute to the dispersion of resistance genes among bacterial populations. Through the process of lateral gene transfer, resistance genetic material can be exchanged between species in the microbial population, intensifying the problem of resistance genes. The main aim of this study was to investigate the diversity of microorganisms in tap water in Glasgow, Scotland, and the occurrence of certain antibiotic resistance genes and gene-transfer mechanisms. Results show that antibiotic resistant bacteria exist at the consumers’ end of the distribution system, some of which also contain integrase genes, which can aid in the dispersion of resistance genes. Presence of such microorganisms indicates that further investigations should be taken to assess the risks to public health.

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Acknowledgments

PhD work of SK is supported by the “Faculty for the Future” grant scheme from Schlumberger Foundation.

An initial version of this paper has been presented at the 9th World Congress of the European Water Resources Association (EWRA) “Water Resources Management in a Changing World: Challenges and Opportunities”, Istanbul, Turkey, June 10–13, 2015.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Strathclyde, James Weir Building, Level 5, 75 Montrose Street, Glasgow, G1 1XJ, UK

    Sadia Khan, Charles W. Knapp & Tara K. Beattie

  2. Department of Environmental Engineering, NED University of Engineering and Technology, University Road, Karachi, 75270, Pakistan

    Sadia Khan

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  1. Sadia Khan
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  2. Charles W. Knapp
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Correspondence to Sadia Khan.

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Highlights

• Plumbing systems contain antibiotic resistance bacteria

• sul1 and sul2 genes are found in bacteria which show resistance against sulfonamides drugs

• The presence of integrons suggests that resistance traits can be transferred to other bacteria

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Khan, S., Knapp, C.W. & Beattie, T.K. Antibiotic Resistant Bacteria Found in Municipal Drinking Water. Environ. Process. 3, 541–552 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40710-016-0149-z

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