Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Schisandrin B modulates the ischemia-reperfusion induced changes in non-enzymatic antioxidant levels in isolated-perfused rat hearts

  • Published:
Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Isolated Langendorff-perfused rat hearts were subjected to a fixed period of ischemia followed by increasing periods of reperfusion for investigating the changes in the extent of ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury and tissue levels of non-enzymatic antioxidants. Effects of schisandrin B (Sch B) and (±) α-lipoic acid (LA) pretreatment were also examined. A 40-min of ischemia (40-I) followed by 20- or 40-min of reperfusion (20-R or 40-R) caused sustainable tissue damage in isolated hearts, as indicated by the increased extent of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) leakage and impaired contractile force. The myocardial IR injury was associated with a marked decrease in tissue ascorbic acid (VC) level. However, myocardial reduced glutathione (GSH) and α-tocopherol (VE) levels remained relatively unchanged except under a more severe IR condition (40-I, 40-R). Pretreating rats with Sch B or LA at a daily dose of 1.2 mmol/kg for 3 days protected against IR injury in isolated hearts to varying degrees. While only Sch B pretreatment could improve the recovery of contractile force, LA pretreatment produced a better inhibitory effect on LDH leakage. The protection against IR injury was associated with significant increases in myocardial VE and VC levels in both Sch B and LA pretreated hearts. The ensemble of results suggests that the cardioprotection afforded by Sch B or LA pretreatment may at least in part be attributed to the modulation on the interplay among non-enzymatic antioxidants under oxidative stress induced by IR.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Chen SY, Li F: Tonics and astringents. In: F. Diebschlag (ed). Clincal Guide to Chinese Herbs and Formulae. Churchill Livingstone, London, 1993, p 75

    Google Scholar 

  2. Ko KM, Yick PK, Poon MKT, Che CT: Schisandra chinensis-derived antioxidant activities in 'sheng Mai San', a compound formulation, in vivo and in vitro. Phytother Res 9: 203–206, 1995

    Google Scholar 

  3. Li X, Zhao B, Liu G, Xin W: Scavenging effects on active oxygen radicals by schizandrins with different structures and configurations. Free Rad Biol Med 9: 99–104, 1990

    Google Scholar 

  4. Mak DHF, Ip SP, Li PC, Poon MKT, Ko KM: Effects of schisandrin B and a-tocopherol on lipid peroxide, in vitro and in vivo. Mol Cell Biochem 165: 161–165, 1996

    Google Scholar 

  5. Ip SP, Poon MKT, Wu SS, Che CT, Ng KH, Kong YC, Ko KM: Effect of schisandrin B on hepatic glutathione antioxidant system in mice: Protection against carbon tetrachloride toxicity. Planta Med 61: 398–401, 1995

    Google Scholar 

  6. Yim TK, Ko KM: Schisandrin B protects against myocardial ischemiareperfusion injury by enhancing myocardial glutathione antioxidant status. Mol Cell Biochem 196: 151–156, 1999

    Google Scholar 

  7. Packer L, Tritschler HJ, Wessel K: Neuroprotection by the metabolic antioxidant a-lipoic acid. Free Rad Biol Med 22: 359–378, 1997

    Google Scholar 

  8. Yim TK, Wu WK, Mak DHF, Ko KM: Myocardial protective effect of an anthraquinone-containing extract of Polygonum multiflorum ex vivo. Planta Med 64: 587–682, 1998

    Google Scholar 

  9. Li PC, Mak DHF, Poon MKT, Ip SP, Ko KM: Myocardial protective effect of Sheng Mai San (SMS) and a lignan-enriched extract of Fructus Schisandrae, in vivo and ex vivo. Phytomedicine 3: 217–321, 1996

    Google Scholar 

  10. Reed DJ, Babson JR, Beatty PW, Brodie AE, Ellis WW, Potter DW: High-performance liquid chromatography analysis of nanomole levels of glutathione, glutathione disulfide, and related thiols and disulfides. Anal Biochem 106: 55–62, 1980

    Google Scholar 

  11. Ip SP, Ko KM: The crucial antioxidant action of schisandrin B in protecting against carbon tetrachloride hepatotoxicity in mice: A comparative study with butylated hydroxytoluene. Biochem Pharmacol 52: 1687–1693, 1996

    Google Scholar 

  12. Liau LS, Lee BL, New AL, Ong CN: Determination of plasma ascorbic acid by high-performance liquid chromatography with ultraviolet and electrochemical detection. J Chromatogr 612: 63–70, 1993

    Google Scholar 

  13. Sadrzadeh SMH, Nanji AA, Meydani M: Effect of chronic ethanol feeding on plasma and liver a-and g-tocopherol levels in normal and vitamin E-deficient rats: Relationship to lipid peroxidation. Biochem Pharmacol 47: 2005–2010, 1994

    Google Scholar 

  14. Takemura G, Onodera T, Ashraf M: Hydroxyl radical production during early reperfusion after different periods of ischemia in rat hearts and its effect on myocardial function. Am J Cardiovasc Pathol 4: 165–174, 1992

    Google Scholar 

  15. Kaul N, Siveski-Iliskovic N, Hill M, Slezak J, Singal PK: Free radicals and the heart. J Pharmacol Toxicol Meth 30: 55–67, 1993

    Google Scholar 

  16. Baker JE, Felix CC, Olinger GN, Kalyanaraman B: Myocardial ischemia and reperfusion: Direct evidence for free radical generation by electron spin resonance spectroscopy. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 85: 2786–2789, 1988

    Google Scholar 

  17. Maupoil V, Rochette L: Evaluation of free radical and lipid peroxide formation during global ischemia and reperfusion in isolated perfused rat heart. Cardiovasc Drugs Ther 2: 615–612, 1988

    Google Scholar 

  18. Esterbauer H, Schaur RJ, Zollner H: Chemistry and biochemistry of 4-hydroxynonenal, malonaldehyde and related aldehydes. Free Rad Biol Med 11: 81–128, 1991

    Google Scholar 

  19. Ambrosio G, Flaherty JT, Duilio C, Tritto I, Santoro G, Elia PP, Condorelli M, Chiariello M: Oxygen radicals generated at reflow in-147 duce peroxidation of membrane lipids in reperfused hearts. J Clin Invest 87: 2056–2066, 1991

    Google Scholar 

  20. Manciet LH, Copeland JG: Lipid peroxidation results in compromised functional recovery of isolated rabbit hearts after low-pressure, hypothermic, perfused preservation for 24 h. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 103: 532–540, 1992

    Google Scholar 

  21. Nagy A, Sellei P, Valen G. Sjoquist PO, Vaage J: Effects of a lowmolecular weight antioxidant on cardiac injury induced by hydrogen peroxide. Free Rad Biol Med 20: 567–572, 1996

    Google Scholar 

  22. Kaneko M, Beamish RE, Dhalla NS: Reduction of calcium channel antagonist binding sites by oxygen free radicals in rat heart. J Mol Cell Cardiol 21: 935–943, 1989

    Google Scholar 

  23. Wells WW, Xu DP: Dehydroascorbate reduction. J Bioenerg Biomembr 26: 369–377, 1994

    Google Scholar 

  24. Haramaki N, Stewart DB, Aggarwal S, Ikeda H, Reznick AZ, Packer L: Networking antioxidants in the isolated rat heart are selectively depleted by ischemia-reperfusion. Free Rad Biol Med 25: 329–339, 1998

    Google Scholar 

  25. Galaris D, Cadenas E, Hochstein P: Glutathione-dependent reduction of peroxides during ferryl-and met-myoglobin interconversion: A potential protective mechanism in muscle. Free Rad Biol Med 6: 473–478, 1989

    Google Scholar 

  26. Galaris D, Cadenas E, Hochstein P: Redox cycling of myoglobin and ascorbate: A potential protective mechanism against reperfusion injury in muscle. Arch Biochem Biophys 273: 497–504, 1989

    Google Scholar 

  27. Tritto I, Duilio C, Santoro G., Elia PP, Cirillo P, De Simone C, Chiariello M, Ambrosio G: A short burst of oxygen radicals at reflow induces sustained release of oxidized glutathione from postischemic hearts. Free Rad Biol Med 24: 290–297, 1998

    Google Scholar 

  28. Gate L, Paul J, Nguyen BA, Tew KD, Tapiero H: Oxidative stress induced in pathologies: The role of antioxidants. Biomed Pharmacother 53: 169–180, 1999

    Google Scholar 

  29. Sharma MK, Buettner GR, Spencer KT, Kerber RE: Ascorbyl free radical as a real-time marker of free radical generation in briefly ischemic and reperfused hearts. Circ Res 74: 650–658, 1994

    Google Scholar 

  30. Rigobello MP, Bindoli A: Effect of pyruvate on rat heart thiol status during ischemia and hypoxia followed by reperfusion. Mol Cell Biochem 122: 93–100, 1993

    Google Scholar 

  31. Venditti P, Masullo P, Di Meo S, Agnisola C: Protection against ischemia-reperfusion induced oxidative stress by vitamin E treatment. Arch Physiol Biochem 107: 27–34, 1999

    Google Scholar 

  32. Packer JE, Slater TF, Willson RL: Direct observation of a free radical interaction between vitamin E and vitamin C. Nature 278: 737–738, 1979

    Google Scholar 

  33. Leedle RA, Aust SD: The effect of glutathione on the vitamin E requirement for inhibition of liver microsomal lipid peroxidation. Lipids 25: 241–245, 1990

    Google Scholar 

  34. Chan AC, Tran K, Raynor T, Ganz PR, Chow CK: Regeneration of vitamin E in human platelets. J Biol Chem 266: 17290–17295, 1991

    Google Scholar 

  35. Wolz P. Krieglstein J: Neuroprotective effects of alpha-lipoic acid and its enantiomers demonstrated in rodent models of focal cerebral ischemia. Neuropharmacol 35: 369–375, 1996

    Google Scholar 

  36. Schonheit K, Gille L, Nohl H: Effect of alpha-lipoic acid and dihydrolipoic acid on ischemia/reperfusion injury of the heart and heart mitochondria. Biochim Biophys Acta 1271: 335–342, 1995

    Google Scholar 

  37. Wells WW, Xu DP, Yang YF, Rocque PA: Mammalian thioltransferase (glutaredoxin) and protein disulfide isomerase have dehydroascorbate reductase activity. J Biol Chem 265: 15361–15364, 1990

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Biochemistry, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China E-mail

    Kam-Ming Ko & Ho-Yan Yiu

Authors
  1. Kam-Ming Ko
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Ho-Yan Yiu
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Kam-Ming Ko.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Ko, KM., Yiu, HY. Schisandrin B modulates the ischemia-reperfusion induced changes in non-enzymatic antioxidant levels in isolated-perfused rat hearts. Mol Cell Biochem 220, 141–147 (2001). https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1010979404447

Download citation

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1010979404447

Search

Navigation