Abstract
The aim of this study was to derive effective pacing parameters for the entrainment of segmental intestinal myoelectrical activity. The study was performed in 12 dogs. Four pairs of electrodes were implanted on the serosa of the jejunum. Electrical stimulation of the small intestine was performed via the most proximal pair. For the slow waves within a distance of 5 cm, a complete entrainment was achieved with a pacing frequency of 1.1 times the intrinsic frequency (IF), a pulse width of 140 msec, and an amplitude of 4 mA. The time required for the entrainment was 25.6 ± 2.7 sec. The maximum driven frequency was 1.38 ± 0.03 IF. The percentage of the entrainment at this frequency was 44.0 ± 3.9%. The data indicate that pacing is able to completely entrain segmental intestinal myoelectrical activity, suggesting that normalization of intestinal myoelectrical dysrhythmia is feasible with pacing.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
REFERENCES
Yamata T, Alpers DH, Owyang C, Powell DW, Silverstein FE (eds): Textbook of Gastroenterology. Philadelphia, J B Lippincott Company, 1995
Chen JDZ, Zhao XT, Lin HC: Intestinal transit under ileal break: Feedback is accelerated by forward electrical pacing. Gastroenterology 110:A647, 1996
Chen JDZ, Lin ZY, Edmunds M, Schirmer BD, Williams RD, Ross R, McCallum RW: Optimization of electrical stimulation and its effects on gastric myoelectrical activities in humans. Gastroenterology 108:A582, 1995 (abstract)
Collin J, Kelly KA, Phillips SF: Enhancement of absorption from the intact and transected canine small intestine by electrical pacing. Gastroenterology 76:1422–1428, 1968
Eagon JC, Kelly KA: Effect of electrical stimulation on gastric electrical activity, motility and emptying. Neurogastroenterol Motil 7:39–45, 1995
Hocking MP, Vogel SB, Sninsky CA: Human gastric myoelectrical activity and gastric emptying following gastric surgery and with pacing. Gastroenterology 103:1811–1816, 1992
Lin ZY, McCallum RW, Schirmer BD, Chen JDZ: Effects of pacing parameters on entrainment of gastric slow waves in patients with gastroparesis. Am J Physiol 274:G186–G191, 1998
Cranley B, Kelly KA, Go VLW, McNichols LA: Enhancing the anti-dumping effect of roux gastrojejunostomy with intestinal pacing. Ann Surg 198:516–524, 1983
Cullen J, Kelly KA: The future of intestinal pacing. Gastroenterol Clin North Am 23:391–402, 1994
Gladen HE, Kelly KA: Enhancing absorption in the canine short bowel syndrome by intestinal pacing. Surgery 88:281–286, 1980
Grundfest-Broniatowski S, Moritz A, Ilyes L, Jacobs G, Kasick J, Olsen E, Nose Y: Voluntary control of an ileal pouch by coordinated electrical stimulation: A pilot study in the dog. Dis Colon Rectum 31:261–267, 1988
Quast DC, Beall AC, DeBakey ME: Clinical evaluation of the gastrointestinal pacer. Surg Gynecol Obstet 120:35–37, 1965
Sarna SK, Bowes KL, Daniel EE: Gastric pacemakers. Gastroenterology 70:226–231, 1976
Sarna SK, Daniel EE: Electrical stimulation of gastric electrical control activity. Am J Physiol 225:125–131, 1973
McCallum RW, Chen JDZ, Lin ZY, Schirmer BD, Williams RD, Ross RA: Gastric pacing improves emptying and symptoms in patients with gastroparesis. Gastroenterology 114:456–461, 1998
Familoni B, Abell T, Nemoto D, Voeller G, Johnson B: Efficacy of electrical stimulation at frequencies higher than basal rate in canine stomach. Dig Dis Sci 42:892–897, 1997
Qian LW, Lin XM, Chen JDZ: Normalization of atropine-induced postprandial dysrhythmias with gastric pacing. Am J Physiol 276:G387–G392, 1999
Kelly KA: Pacing the gut. Gastroenterology 103:1967–1969, 1992
Morrison P, Miedema BW, Kohler L, Kelly KA: Electrical dysrhythmias in the roux jejunal limb: cause and treatment. Am J Surg 160:252–256, 1990
Miedema BW, Kelly KA: The rous stasis syndrome: treatment by pacing and prevention by use of an “uncut” Roux limb. Arch Surg 127:295–300, 1992
Reiser SB, Schusdziarra V, Bollschweiller E, Hölscher AH, Siewert JR: Effect of enteric pacing on intestinal motility and hormone secretion in dogs with short bowel. Gastroenterology 101:100–106, 1991
Reiser SB, Weiser HF, Schusdziarra V, Stewert JR: Effect of pacing on small intestinal motor activity and hormonal response in dogs. Dig Dis Sci 34:579–584, 1989
Richter HM, Kelly KA: Effect of transection and pacing on human jejunal pacesetter potentials. Gastroenterology 91:1380–1385, 1986
Sarna SK, Daniel EE: Electrical stimulation of small intestinal electrical control activity. Gastroenterology 69:660–667, 1975
Moran JM, Nabseth DC: Electrical stimulation of the bowel. Arch Surg 91:449–451, 1965
Layzell T, Collin J: Retrograde electrical pacing of the small intestine-a new treatment for the short bowel syndrome? Br J Surg 68:711–713, 1981
O'Connell PR, Kelly KA: Enteric transit and absorption after canine ileostomy: Effect of pacing. Arch Surg 122:1011–1017, 1987
Sawchuk A, Nogami W, Goto S, Young J, Grosfeld JA, Lohmuller J, Grosfeld MD, Grosfeld JL: Reverse electrical pacing improves intestinal absorption and transit time. Surg 100:454–459, 1986
Chen JDZ, Stewart WR, McCallum RW: Adaptive spectral analysis of episodic rhythmic variations in gastric myoelectric potentials. IEEE Trans Biomed Eng 40:128–135, 1993
Bjorck S, Kelly KA, Phillips SF: Mechanisms of enhanced canine enteric absorption with intestinal pacing. Am J Physiol 252:G548–G553, 1987
Collin J, Kelly KA, Phillips SF: Absorption from the jejunum is increased by forward and backward pacing. Br J Surg 66:489–492, 1979
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Lin, X., Peters, L.J., Hayes, J. et al. Entrainment of Segmental Small Intestinal Slow Waves with Electrical Stimulation in Dogs. Dig Dis Sci 45, 652–656 (2000). https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1005466904380
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1005466904380