Skip to main content
Log in

Responses to the Demands of Everyday Life: Domain-Specific or General Coping?

  • Published:
Journal of Adult Development Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

This study focuses on how individuals deal with changes and problems in various domains of everyday life. A descriptive classification system is used to conceptualize various responses to stress. The findings support previous studies that suggest that a general adaptation system as well as domain-specific coping behaviors be used. This study concentrates on the indices of coping repertoire and coping intensity as well as on the range of general and specific coping behaviors in four life domains. Adults between the ages of 43 and 63 (N = 1001) were included in the sample. The results indicate that coping always comprises a variety of responses. There is a set of “general” coping behaviors that are used in all life domains that were examined. Some of the coping behaviors are specific to particular life domains in middle adulthood and young-old age. Findings suggest that coping behaviors develop differentially in response to domain-specific demands of everyday life.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Aldwin, C. M., Sutton, K. J., Chiara, G., & Spiro III, A. (1996). Age difference in stress, coping, and appraisal: Findings from the Normative Aging Study, Journal of Gerontology: Psychological Sciences, 51B, 179–188.

    Google Scholar 

  • Berg, C. A., Meegan, S. P., & Deviney, F. P. (1998). A social–contextual model of coping with everyday problems across the life span. International Journal of Behavioral Development, 22, 239–261.

    Google Scholar 

  • Blanchard-Fields, F., Chen, Y., & Norris, L. (1997). Everyday problem solving across the adult life span: Influence of domain specificity and cognitive appraisal. Psychology and Aging, 12, 684–693.

    Google Scholar 

  • Coyne, J. C., & Racioppo, M. W. (2000). Never the twain shall meet? Closing the gap between coping research and clinical intervention research. American Psychologist, 55, 655–664.

    Google Scholar 

  • Cramer, P. (2000). Defense mechanisms in psychology today: Further process of adaptation. American Psychologist, 55, 637–646.

    Google Scholar 

  • Folkman, S., & Lazarus, R. S. (1980). An analysis of coping in a middle-aged community sample. Journal of Health and Social Behavior, 21, 219–239.

    Google Scholar 

  • Folkman, S., & Lazarus, R. S. (1988). Manual for the Ways of Coping Questionnaire.Palo Alto, CA: Consulting Psychology Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Folkman, S., & Moskowitz, J. T. (2000). Positive affect and the other side of coping. American Psychologist, 55, 647–654.

    Google Scholar 

  • Haan, N. (1977). Coping and defending. Process of self-environment organization. New York: Academic Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hertzog, C., Park, D. C., Morrell, R. W., & Martin, M. (2000). Ask and ye shall receive: Behavioral specificity in the accuracy of subjective memory complaints. Applied Cognitive Psychology, 14, 257–275.

    Google Scholar 

  • Laux, L. (1983). Stresskonzeptionen [Concepts of stress]. In H. Thomae (Ed.), Theorien und Formen der Motivation: Enzyklopädie der Psychologie, Bd. C7IV/1 (pp. 435–535). Göttingen, Germany: Verlag für Psychologie, Dr. Hogrefe.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lazarus, R. S. (1998). Coping with aging: Individuality as a key to understanding. In I. H. Nordhus (Ed.), Clinical geropsychology (pp. 109–127). Washington: American Psychological Association.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lazarus, R. S. (2000). Toward better research on stress and coping. American Psychologist, 55, 665–673.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lazarus, R. S., & Cohen, J. B. (1977). The Hassles Scale. Stress & Coping Project. Berkeley, CA: University of California.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lehr, U., & Thomae, H. (Hrsg.) (1987). Formen seelischen Alterns: Ergebnisse der Bonner Gerontologischen Längsschnittstudie (BOLSA) [Forms of cognitive ageing. The results of the Bonn Gerontological Longitudinal Study]. Stuttgart, Germany: Enke.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lehr, U., & Thomae, H. (1991). Alltagspsychologie: Aufgaben, Ergebnisse, Methoden [The psychology of everyday life: Goals, results and methods]. Darmstadt, Germany: Wissenschaftliche Buchgesellschaft.

    Google Scholar 

  • Marsiske, M., & Willis, S. L. (1995). Dimensionality of everyday problem solving in older adults. Psychology and Aging, 10, 269–283.

    Google Scholar 

  • Parker, J. D. A., & Endler, N. S. (1996). Coping and defense: An historical overview. In M. Zeidner & N. S. Endler (Eds.), Handbook of coping: theory, research, applications (pp. 3–23). New York: Wiley.

    Google Scholar 

  • Rudinger, G., & Minnemann, E., (1997). Die Lebenssituation von älteren Frauen und Männern in Ost-und Westdeutschland. Einleitende Bemerkungen zu Ergebnissen aus der Interdisziplinären Langzeit-Studie des Erwachsenenalters (ILSE) [The lives of older women and men in eastern and western Germany: An introduction to the results from the Interdisciplinary Longitudinal Study of Adulthood (ILSE)]. Zeitschrift für Gerontopsychologie und–psychiatrie, 10, 205–212.

    Google Scholar 

  • Schwarzer, R., & Schwarzer, C. (1996). A critical survey of coping instruments. In M. Zeidner & N. S. Endler (Eds.), Handbook of coping: theory, research, applications (pp. 107–132). New York: Wiley.

    Google Scholar 

  • Tennen, H., Affleck, G., Armeli, S., & Carey, M. A., (2000). A daily process approach to coping: Linking theory, research, and practice. American Psychologist, 55, 626–636.

    Google Scholar 

  • Thoits, P. (1991). Patterns of coping in controllable and uncontrollable events. In E. M. Cummings A. L. Greene & K. H. Karraker (Eds.), Life-span developmental psychology: Perspectives on stress and coping (pp. 235–258). Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.

    Google Scholar 

  • Thomae, H. (1983). Alternsstile und Altersschicksale: ein Beitrag zur Differentiellen Gerontologie [Ageing styles and ageing fates]. Bern, Switzerland: Huber.

    Google Scholar 

  • Thomae, H. (1988). Das Individuum und seine Welt. Eine Persönlichkeitstheorie. 2., völlig neu bearb. Aufl. [The individual and his/her world (2nd ed). Göttingen, Germany: Hogrefe.

    Google Scholar 

  • Thomae, H. (1996). Das Individuum und seine Welt. Eine Persönlichkeitstheorie. 3., erw. und verb. Aufl. [The individual and his/her world (3rd ed.)]. Göttingen, Germany: Hogrefe.

    Google Scholar 

  • Vaillant, G. (1977). Adaptation to life. Boston: Little Brown.

    Google Scholar 

  • Watson, T. L., & Blanchard-Fields, F. (1998). Thinking with your head and your heart: Age differences in everyday problem-solving strategy preferences. Aging, Neuropsychology, and Cognition, 5, 225–240.

    Google Scholar 

  • Willis, S. L. (1995). Everyday problem solving. In J. E. Birren & K. W. Schaie (Eds.), Handbook of the psychology of aging (4th ed). San Diego: Academic Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Willis, S. L., Dolan, M. M., & Bertrand, R. M. (1999). Problem solving on health related tasks of daily living. In D. C. Park R. W. Morell & K. Shifren (Eds.), Processing of medical information in aging patients. Cognitive and human factors perspectives. Mahwah, NJ: Erlbaum.

    Google Scholar 

  • Willis, S. L., & Jay, G. M. (1992). Longitudinal change and prediction of everyday task competence in the elderly. Research on Aging, 14, 68–92.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Sperling, U. Responses to the Demands of Everyday Life: Domain-Specific or General Coping?. Journal of Adult Development 10, 189–201 (2003). https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1023466330639

Download citation

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1023466330639

Navigation