The Rise of Female Leaders
Abstract
Abstract: The pace of women's rise into high-level leadership roles is accelerating in many postindustrial societies. Although women still face some discrimination in attaining roles with substantial authority, prejudicial reactions appear to be decreasing. In terms of Eagly and Karau's (2002) role incongruity theory of prejudice toward female leaders, women's rise is accounted for by three factors: (a) a redefinition of the qualities required by many leadership roles to include androgynous and feminine attributes as well as masculine attributes, (b) masculine shifts in women whereby they have adopted agentic and other masculine attributes consistent with their labor force participation, and (c) women's favoring of competent, androgynous leadership styles that help finesse the still remaining incongruity between leader roles and the female gender role.
Zusammenfassung: In vielen postindustriellen Gesellschaften verstärkt sich der Aufstieg von Frauen in hohe Führungspositionen. Obwohl Frauen in Rollen mit wesentlichem Einfluss immer noch eine gewisse Diskriminierung erfahren, scheinen vorurteilsbehaftete Reaktionen ihnen gegenüber abzunehmen. Im Sinne der Rolleninkongruenztheorie von Eagly und Karau (2002) zur Erklärung von Vorurteilen gegenüber weiblichen Führungskräften kann der Aufstieg von Frauen in Führungspositionen auf drei Faktoren zurückgeführt werden: (a) eine Redefinition der für Führungspositionen erforderlichen Qualitäten, in die sowohl androgyne und feminine Eigenschaften als auch maskuline Eigenschaften einbezogen sind, (b) eine Tendenz zur Adaption maskuliner Eigenschaften von Frauen entsprechend ihrer Partizipation am Arbeitsmarkt und (c) die Favorisierung kompetenter, androgyner Führungsstile von Frauen, die ihnen helfen, der immer noch mangelnden Passung von Führungsrolle und weiblicher Geschlechtsrolle zu begegnen.
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