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Übersicht

Risikofaktoren der Posttraumatischen Belastungsstörung nach Trauma-Typ-I bei Kindern und Jugendlichen

Published Online:October 08, 2008https://doi.org/10.1026/0942-5403.17.4.210

Abstract

Es wird ein Überblick zu Risikofaktoren einer Posttraumatischen Belastungsstörung (PTB) nach einem einmaligen traumatischen Ereignis in Kindheit und Jugend gegeben. Dazu wurde eine umfangreiche Literaturrecherche durchgeführt, als deren Ergebnis 55 Einzelstudien identifiziert werden konnten. Die berücksichtigten Studien sollten sowohl eine quantitative Erfassung der posttraumatischen Symptomatik als auch der Prädiktoren beinhalten. Prädiktoren wurden in prä-, peri- und posttraumatische Faktoren eingeteilt, wobei sich die folgenden als besonders vielversprechend herausstellten: Prätraumatische psychische Morbidität, Stressorschwere, Lebensgefahr, Ressourcenverlust und peritraumatische emotionale Reaktion, sowie eine Akute Belastungsstörung bzw. PTB nach dem Ereignis, Komorbidität, weitere kritische Lebensereignisse und mangelnde soziale Unterstützung.


Risk factors for posttraumatic stress disorder in children and adolescents after single trauma

The main subject of this review is to provide an overview of risk factors for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in children and adolescents in the aftermath of singular traumatic events. To achieve this goal a literature search in English and German language databases and journals was carried out. 55 studies were identified providing quantitative data on posttraumatic symptoms and predictors. Predictors were categorized into pre-, peri-, and posttraumatic factors. Highly promising variables were pretraumatic morbidity, exposure severity, perceived life threat, loss of resources, peritraumatic emotional reaction, acute posttraumatic symptoms, comorbidity, critical life events after trauma and lack of social support.

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