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Schulalter

Wissens- und Einstellungsänderungen zu Depression im Jugendalter

Entwicklung und Evaluation einer Aufklärungsbroschüre

Published Online:August 29, 2011https://doi.org/10.1026/0942-5403/a000062

Abstract

Es bestehen nach wie vor Wissenslücken und Stigmata bei Jugendlichen bezüglich Depression und Suizidalität. Erste internationale Initiativen für Jugendliche zeigen, dass bereits niederschwellige Maßnahmen zu einer signifikanten Wissenszunahme und Einstellungsänderung führen können. Evaluationsstudien zu depressionsspezifischen Aufklärungsmaterialien im Jugendalter fehlen jedoch bislang. Um diese Lücke zu schließen, wurde eine Aufklärungsbroschüre zu Depression für Jugendliche mit dem Ziel entwickelt, spezifisches Wissen zu vermitteln und Vorurteile abzubauen. An einer Stichprobe von 156 Schülern der neunten Jahrgangsstufe wurde die Broschüre in einer Prä-Post-Erhebung evaluiert. Nach Korrektur für multiples Testen zeigten sich für 32 der 50 Fragebogenitems signifikante Veränderungen bezüglich Wissen und Einstellungen. Besonders deutliche Effekte wurden in den Kategorien „Symptome“ und „Antidepressiva“ erreicht. Die größten Verbesserungen wiesen Gymnasiasten auf, gefolgt von Real- und Hauptschülern. Die Akzeptanz der Aufklärungsbroschüre wurde anhand der Kategorien „Gestaltung“, „Inhalt“ und „Nutzen“ erfasst. Die Jugendlichen beurteilten die Broschüre in allen Kategorien positiv und vergaben als Gesamtbewertung die Schulnote „gut“.


Improvement of knowledge and attitudes towards depression in adolescents: Development and evaluation of an information booklet

Many adolescents still lack knowledge about depression and possess negative attitudes towards mental health difficulties. Preliminary data from international studies show that even low-threshold programs can significantly increase knowledge and decrease stigma. However, studies aimed to evaluate informational material designed to educate teenage populations about depression are lacking. In order to close this gap, we developed an information booklet for adolescents with the aim to give depression-specific information and to reduce prejudices. In a sample of 156 9th grade pupils the information booklet was evaluated in a pre-post assessment. After correction for multiple testing, significant improvement of knowledge and attitudes could be found in 32 out of 50 items of a study-specific questionnaire. Pronounced effects resulted in the categories “symptoms” and “antidepressants”. The acceptability of the information booklet was measured by the categories layout, contents, and utility. Overall assessment of the booklet and acceptance in all categories were high.

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