1887

Journal of General Virology header logo

Volume 69, Issue 7

The N and C Termini of the Coat Proteins of Potyviruses Are Surface-located and the N Terminus Contains the Major Virus-specific Epitopes Free

Abstract

Summary

Mild proteolysis by trypsin of particles of six potyviruses (bean yellow mosaic virus, clover yellow vein virus, Johnson grass mosaic virus, passion-fruit woodiness virus, potato virus Y and watermelon mosaic virus II) revealed that the N- and C-terminal regions of their coat protein are exposed on the particles’ surfaces. The enzyme treatment removed the N-terminal region (30 to 67 amino acids long, depending on the virus) and 18 to 20 amino acids from the C terminus of the coat proteins, leaving a fully assembled virus particle composed of coat protein cores consisting of 216 or 218 amino acid residues. These core particles were indistinguishable from untreated native particles in an electron microscope and were still infectious. The core particles lacked the virus-specific surface epitopes that are recognized by the bulk of the polyclonal antibodies raised against the whole virus particles. Epitopes thought to be group-specific were located in the trypsin-resistant core protein region. The implications of these findings are discussed in relation to the similar surface location of the N- and C-terminal regions of the coat protein of other rod-shaped plant viruses and the observed common structural features displayed by isometric plant and animal viruses.

  • Received:
  • Accepted:
  • Published Online:
Keyword(s): coat proteins , potyviruses and surface location
© Society for General Microbiology 1988
Loading

Article metrics loading...

/content/journal/jgv/10.1099/0022-1317-69-7-1497
1988-07-01
2024-04-26
Loading full text...

Full text loading...

/deliver/fulltext/jgv/69/7/JV0690071497.html?itemId=/content/journal/jgv/10.1099/0022-1317-69-7-1497&mimeType=html&fmt=ahah

References

  1. ABAD-ZAPATERO C, ABDEL-MEGUID S. S., JOHNSON J. E., LESLIE A. G. E., RAYMENT I., ROSSMANN M. G., SUCK D., SUKIHARA T. 1980; Structure of southern bean mosaic virus at 2-8 A resolution. Nature, London 286:33–39
     [Google Scholar]
  2. ALLISON R. F., DOUGHERTY W. G., PARKS T. D., WILLIS L., JOHNSTON R. E., KELLY M. E., ARMSTRONG F. B. 1985a; Biochemical analysis of the capsid protein gene and capsid protein of tobacco etch virus: N-terminal amino acids are located on the virion’s surface. Virology 147:309–316
     [Google Scholar]
  3. ALLISON R. F., SORENSON J. C, KELLY M. E., ARMSTRONG F. B., DOUGHERTY W. G. 1985b; Sequence determination of the capsid protein gene and flanking regions of tobacco etch virus: evidence for the synthesis and processing of a polyprotein in potyvirus genome expression. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, U.S.A 82:3969–3972
     [Google Scholar]
  4. ALLISON R. F., JOHNSTON R. E., DOUGHERTY W. G. 1986; The nucleotide sequence of the coding region of tobacco etch virus genomic RNA: evidence for the synthesis of a single polyprotein. Virology 154:9–20
     [Google Scholar]
  5. BLOOMER A. C, CHAMPNESS J. N., BRICOGNE G., STADEN R., KLUG A. 1978; Protein disc of tobacco mosaic virus at 2-8 A resolution showing the interactions with and between subunits. Nature, London 116:362–368
     [Google Scholar]
  6. CARRINGTON J. C., DOUGHERTY W. G. 1987; Small nuclear inclusion protein encoded by a plant potyvirus genome is a protease. Journal of Virology 61:2540–2548
     [Google Scholar]
  7. DOMIER L. L., FRANKLIN K. M., SHAHBUDDIN M., HELLMAN G. M., OVERMEYER J. H., HIREMATH S. T., SIAW M. E. E., LOMONOSSOFF G. P., SHAW J. G., RHOADS E. 1986; The nucleotide sequence of tobacco vein mottling virus. Nucleic Acids Research 14:5417–5430
     [Google Scholar]
  8. DOUGHERTY W. G., ALLISON R. F., PARKS T. D., JOHNSTON R. E., FEILD M. J., ARMSTRONG F. B. 1985a; Nucleotide sequence at the 3′ terminus of pepper mottle virus genomic RNA: evidence for an alternative mode of potyvirus capsid protein gene organization. Virology 146:282–291
     [Google Scholar]
  9. DOUGHERTY W. G., WILLIS L., JOHNSTON R. E. 1985b; Topographic analysis of tobacco etch virus capsid protein epitopes. Virology 144:66–72
     [Google Scholar]
  10. EDWARDSON J. R. 1974; Some properties of the potato virus Y-group. Monograph Series, Florida Agricultural Experimental Station 4:
     [Google Scholar]
  11. FRANCKI R. I. B., MILNE R. G., HATTA T. 1985 Atlas of Plant Viruses II Boca Raton: CRC Press;
     [Google Scholar]
  12. GARRETT R. G. 1983; Confirmation of the presence of clover yellow vein virus in Victoria. Abstracts of Papers, Fourth International Congress of Plant Pathology, Melbourne, Australia115
     [Google Scholar]
  13. GOODMAN R. M., MCDONALD J. G., HORNE R. W., BANCROFT J. B. 1976; Assembly of flexuous plant viruses and their proteins. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B 276:173–179
     [Google Scholar]
  14. GOUGH K. H., SHUKLA D. D. 1981; Coat protein of potyviruses. 1. Comparison of the four Australian strains of sugarcane mosaic virus. Virology 111:455–462
     [Google Scholar]
  15. GOUGH K. H., AZAD A. A., HANNA P. J., SHUKLA D. D. 1987; Nucleotide sequence of the capsid and nuclear inclusion protein genes from the Johnson grass strain of sugarcane mosaic virus RNA. Journal of General Virology 68:297–304
     [Google Scholar]
  16. GREBER R. S. 1978; Watermelon mosaic virus 1 and 2 in Queensland curcurbit crops. Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 29:1235–1245
     [Google Scholar]
  17. HARI V. 1981; The RNA of tobacco etch virus: further characterization and detection of protein linked to RNA. Virology 112:391–399
     [Google Scholar]
  18. HARRISON S. C, OLSON A. J., SCHUTT C. E., WINKLER F. K., BRICOGNE G. 1978; Tomato bushy stunt virus at 2·9 Å resolution. Nature, London 276:368–373
     [Google Scholar]
  19. HEWISH D. R., SHUKLA D. D., GOUGH K. H. 1986; The use of biotin-conjugated antisera in immunoassays for plant viruses. Journal of Virological Methods 13:79–85
     [Google Scholar]
  20. HIEBERT E., TREMAINE J. H., RONALD W. P. 1984; The effect of limited proteolysis on the amino acid composition of five potyviruses and on the serological reaction and peptide maps of the tobacco etch virus capsid protein. Phytopathology 74:411–416
     [Google Scholar]
  21. HOGLE J. M., CHOW M., FILMAN D. J. 1985; Three-dimensional structure of poliovirus at 2·9 Å resolution. Science 229:1358–1365
     [Google Scholar]
  22. HOLLINGS M., BRUNT A. A. 1981; Potyvirus group. CMI/AAB Descriptions of Plant Viruses245
     [Google Scholar]
  23. HUTTINGA H., MOSCH W. H. M. 1974; Properties of viruses of the potyvirus group. 2. Buoyant density, S-value, particle morphology and molecular weight of the coat protein subunit of bean yellow mosaic virus, pea mosaic virus, lettuce mosaic virus and potato virus YN. Netherlands Journal of Plant Pathology 80:19–27
     [Google Scholar]
  24. KOENIG R., TREMAINE J. H., SHEPARD J. F. 1978; In situ degradation of the protein chain of potato virus X at the N- and C-termini. Journal of General Virology 38:329–337
     [Google Scholar]
  25. LAEMMLI U. K. 1970; Cleavage of structural proteins during the assembly of the head of bacteriophage T4. Nature, London 227:680–685
     [Google Scholar]
  26. LILJAS L., UNGE T., JONES T. A., FRIDBORG K., LOUGREN S., SKOGLUND S., STRANDBERG B. 1982; Structure of satellite tobacco necrosis virus at 3·0 Å resolution. Journal of Molecular Biology 159:93–108
     [Google Scholar]
  27. LUO M., VRIEND G., KAMER G., MINOR I., ARNOLD E., ROSSMANN M. G., BOEGE U., SCRABA D. G., DUKE G. M., PALMENBERG A. C. 1987; The atomic structure of Mengo virus at 30 Å resolution. Science 235:182–191
     [Google Scholar]
  28. MCDONALD J. G., BANCROFT J. B. 1977; Assembly studies on potato virus Y and its coat protein. Journal of General Virology 35:251–263
     [Google Scholar]
  29. MCDONALD J. G., BEVERIDGE T. J., BANCROFT J. B. 1976; Self-assembly of protein from a flexuous virus. Virology 69:327–331
     [Google Scholar]
  30. MCLACHLAN A. D., BLOOMER A. C., BUTLER P. J. G. 1980; Structural repeats and evolution of tobacco mosaic virus coat protein and RNA. Journal of Molecular Biology 136:203–224
     [Google Scholar]
  31. MATTHEWS R. E. F. 1982; Classification and nomenclature of viruses. Intervirology 17:1–199
     [Google Scholar]
  32. MAYO M. A., COOPER J. I. 1973; Partial degradation of the protein in tobacco rattle virus during storage. Journal of General Virology 18:281–289
     [Google Scholar]
  33. MAYO M. A., ROBINSON D. J., PÉROMBELON M. C M. 1974; Some properties of a bacterial protease with a specific effect on the protein in tobacco rattle virus particles. Journal of General Microbiology 85:121–129
     [Google Scholar]
  34. MOGHAL S. M., FRANCKI R. I. B. 1976; Towards a system for the identification and classification of potyviruses. 1. Serology and amino acid composition of six distinct viruses. Virology 73:350–362
     [Google Scholar]
  35. O’DONNELL I. J., SHUKLA D. D., GOUGH K. H. 1982; Electro-blot radioimmunoassay of virus-infected plant sap — a powerful new technique for detecting plant viruses. Journal of Virological Methods 4:19–26
     [Google Scholar]
  36. RANDLES J. W., DAVIES C, GIBBS A. J., HATTA T. 1980; Amino acid composition of capsid protein as a taxonomic criterion for classifying the atypical S strain of bean yellow mosaic virus. Australian Journal of Biological Sciences 33:245–254
     [Google Scholar]
  37. ROSSMANN M. G., ARNOLD E., ERICKSON J. W., FRANKENBERGER E. A., GRIFFITH J. P., HECHT H. J., JOHNSON J. E., KAMER G., LUO M., MOSSER A. G., RUECKERT R. R., SHERRY B., VRIEND G. 1985; Structure of a human common cold virus and functional relationship to other picornaviruses. Nature, London 317:145–153
     [Google Scholar]
  38. SAWYER L., TOLLIN P., WILSON H. R. 1987; A comparison between the predicted secondary structures of potato virus X and papaya mosaic virus coat proteins. Journal of General Virology 68:1229–1232
     [Google Scholar]
  39. SHEPARD J. F., SECOR G. A., PURCIFULL D. E. 1974; Immunochemical cross-reactivity between dissociated capsid protein of PVY group plant viruses. Virology 58:464–475
     [Google Scholar]
  40. SHUKLA D. D., GOUGH K. H. 1979; The use of protein A, from Staphylococcus aureus, in immune electron microscopy for detecting plant virus particles. Journal of General Virology 45:533–536
     [Google Scholar]
  41. SHUKLA D. D., INGLIS A. S., MCKERN N. M., GOUGH K. H. 1986; Coat protein of potyviruses. 2. Amino acid sequence of the coat protein of potato virus Y. Virology 152:118–125
     [Google Scholar]
  42. SHUKLA D. D., GOUGH K. H., WARD C W. 1987; Coat protein of potyviruses. 3. Comparison of amino acid sequences of the coat proteins of four Australian strains of sugarcane mosaic virus. Archives of Virology 96:59–74
     [Google Scholar]
  43. SHUKLA D. D., MCKERN N. M., GOUGH K. H., TRACY S. L., LETHO S. G. 1988; Differentiation of potyviruses and their strains by high performance liquid chromatographic peptide profiling of coat proteins. Journal of General Virology 69:493–502
     [Google Scholar]
  44. WARD C. W., DOPHEIDE T. A. 1980; Influenza virus haemagglutinin. Structural predictions suggests that the fibrillar appearance is due to the presence of coiled-coil. Australian Journal of Biological Sciences 33:441–447
     [Google Scholar]
http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/journal/jgv/10.1099/0022-1317-69-7-1497
Loading
The N and C Termini of the Coat Proteins of Potyviruses Are Surface-located and the N Terminus Contains the Major Virus-specific Epitopes
J. Gen. Virol. 69, 1497 (1988); https://doi.org/10.1099/0022-1317-69-7-1497
/content/journal/jgv/10.1099/0022-1317-69-7-1497
/content/journal/jgv/10.1099/0022-1317-69-7-1497
Loading

Data & Media loading...

Most cited Most Cited RSS feed

This is a required field
Please enter a valid email address
Approval was a Success
Invalid data
An Error Occurred
Approval was partially successful, following selected items could not be processed due to error