Abstract
Objectives
Gestational IDA has been linked to adverse maternal and neonatal outcomes, but the impact of iron supplementation on outcome measures remains unclear. Our objective was to assess the effects of gestational IDA on pregnancy outcomes and compare outcomes in pregnancies treated with either oral or intravenous iron supplementation.
Methods
We evaluated maternal and neonatal outcomes in 215 pregnancies complicated with gestational IDA (Hb<100 g/L) and delivered in our tertiary unit between January 2016 and October 2018. All pregnancies from the same period served as a reference group (n=11,545). 163 anemic mothers received oral iron supplementation, and 52 mothers received intravenous iron supplementation.
Results
Gestational IDA was associated with an increased risk of preterm birth (10.2% vs. 6.1%, p=0.009) and fetal growth restriction (FGR) (1.9% vs. 0.3%, p=0.006). The gestational IDA group that received intravenous iron supplementation had a greater increase in Hb levels compared to those who received oral medication (18.0 g/L vs. 10.0 g/L, p<0.001), but no statistically significant differences in maternal and neonatal outcomes were detected.
Conclusions
Compared to the reference group, prematurity, FGR, postpartum infections, and extended hospital stays were more common among mothers with gestational IDA, causing an additional burden on the families and the healthcare system.
Funding source: The Finnish Medical Foundation
Award Identifier / Grant number: 3611
Acknowledgments
The Finnish Medical Foundation.
Research funding: This article was supported by The Finnish Medical Foundation (3611).
Author contributions: All authors have accepted responsibility for the entire content of this manuscript and approved its submission.
Competing interests: Authors state no conflict of interest.
Informed consent: No informed consent was required due to retrospective registry based nature of the study.
Ethical approval: The study obtained approval from the Turku Clinical Research Centre (CRC Approval 11/2018, T07/017/18).
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