Acknowledgments
We thank Mojca Groselj Grenc for giving us the idea to test CD64 index in adults. We also thank Andreja Natasa Kopitar and Romina Kofol for their technical support and for helping to interpret crude data analysis for CD64 index and SepsiTest™.
Author contributions: Petra Rogina and Miha Skvarc designed the study and collected clinical and laboratory data. David Stubljar and Miha Skvarc performed statistical analysis. All authors were involved in writing the manuscript and approved the final version. All the authors have accepted responsibility for the entire content of this submitted manuscript and approved submission.
Employment or leadership: None declared.
Honorarium: None declared.
Competing interests: The funding organization(s) played no role in the study design; in the collection, analysis, and interpretation of data; in the writing of the report; or in the decision to submit the report for publication.
References
1. Claessens YE, Dhainaut JF. Diagnosis and treatment of severe sepsis. Crit Care 2007;11(Suppl 5):S2.10.1186/cc6153Search in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central
2. Dellinger RP, Levy MM, Rhodes A, Annane D, Gerlach H, Opal SM, et al. Surviving Sepsis Campaign: international guidelines for management of severe sepsis and septic shock 2012. Intensive Care Med 2013;39:165–228.10.1007/s00134-012-2769-8Search in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central
3. Reinhart K, Bauer M, Riedemann NC, Hartog CS. New approaches to sepsis: molecular diagnostics and biomarkers. Clin Microbiol Rev 2012;25:609–34.10.1128/CMR.00016-12Search in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central
4. Nieman AE, Savelkoul PH, Beishuizen A, Henrich B, Lamik B, MacKenzie CR, et al. A prospective multicenter evaluation of direct molecular detection of blood stream infection from a clinical perspective. BMC Infect Dis 2016;16:314.10.1186/s12879-016-1646-4Search in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central
5. Icardi M, Erickson Y, Kilborn S, Stewart B, Grief B, Scharnweber G. CD64 Index Provides Simple and Predictive Testing for Detection and Monitoring of Sepsis and Bacterial Infection in Hospital Patients. J Clin Microbiol 2009;47:3914–19.10.1128/JCM.00628-09Search in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central
6. Cid J, Aguinaco R, Sánchez R, García-Pardo G, Llorente A. Neutrophil CD64 expression as marker of bacterial infection: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Infect 2010;60: 313–9.10.1016/j.jinf.2010.02.013Search in Google Scholar PubMed
7. Willems E, Smismans A, Cartuyvels R, Coppens G, Van Vaerenbergh K, Van den Abeele AM, et al. The preanalytical optimization of blood cultures: a review and the clinical importance of benchmarking in 5 Belgian hospitals. Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis 2012;73:1–8.10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2012.01.009Search in Google Scholar PubMed
8. Wellinghausen N, Kochem AJ, Disque C, Muhl H, Gebert S, Winter J, et al. Diagnosis of bacteremia in whole-blood samples by use of a commercial universal 16S rRNA gene-based PCR and sequence analysis. J Clin Microbiol 2009;47:2759–65.10.1128/JCM.00567-09Search in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central
9. Groselj-Grenc M, Ihan A, Pavcnik-Arnol M, Kopitar AN, Gmeiner-Stopar T, Derganc M. Neutrophil and monocyte CD64 indexes, lipopolysaccharide-binding protein, procalcitonin and C-reactive protein in sepsis of critically ill neonates and children. Intensive Care Med. 2009; 35:1950–8.10.1007/s00134-009-1637-7Search in Google Scholar PubMed
10. Coburn B, Morris AM, Tomlinson G, Detsky AS. Does this adult patient with suspected bacteraemia require blood cultures? J Am Med Assoc 2012;308:502–11.10.1001/jama.2012.8262Search in Google Scholar PubMed
©2017 Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Berlin/Boston
