Abstract
NF-κB is a ubiquitous and well-characterised protein responsible for the regulation of complex phenomena, with a pivotal role in controlling cell signalling in the body under certain physiological and pathological conditions. Among other functions, NF-κB controls the expression of genes encoding the pro-inflammatory cytokines (e. g., IL-1, IL- 2, IL-6, TNF-α, etc.), chemokines (e. g., IL-8, MIP-1α, MCP1, RANTES, eotaxin, etc.), adhesion molecules (e. g., ICAM, VCAM, E-selectin), inducible enzymes (COX-2 and iNOS), growth factors, some of the acute phase proteins, and immune receptors, all of which play critical roles in controlling most inflammatory processes. Since NF-κB represents an important and very attractive therapeutic target for drugs to treat many inflammatory diseases, including arthritis, asthma, and the auto-immune diseases, most attention has been paid in the last decade to the identification of compounds that selectively interfere with this pathway. Recently, a great number of plant-derived substances have been evaluated as possible inhibitors of the NF-κB pathway. These include a wide range of compound classess, such as lignans (manassantins, (+)-saucernetin, (-)-saucerneol methyl ether), sesquiterpenes (costunolide, parthenolide, celastrol, celaphanol A), diterpenes (excisanin, kamebakaurin), triterpenes (avicin, oleandrin), polyphenols (resveratrol, epigallocatechin gallate, quercetin), etc. In this mini-review we will discuss the medicinal chemistry of these compounds with regards to the NF-κB inhibition.
Keywords: NF-κB inhibitors, natural products, sesquiterpene lactones, curcumin, lignans
Mini-Reviews in Medicinal Chemistry
Title: Naturally Occurring NF-κB Inhibitors
Volume: 6 Issue: 8
Author(s): Nguyen-Hai Nam
Affiliation:
Keywords: NF-κB inhibitors, natural products, sesquiterpene lactones, curcumin, lignans
Abstract: NF-κB is a ubiquitous and well-characterised protein responsible for the regulation of complex phenomena, with a pivotal role in controlling cell signalling in the body under certain physiological and pathological conditions. Among other functions, NF-κB controls the expression of genes encoding the pro-inflammatory cytokines (e. g., IL-1, IL- 2, IL-6, TNF-α, etc.), chemokines (e. g., IL-8, MIP-1α, MCP1, RANTES, eotaxin, etc.), adhesion molecules (e. g., ICAM, VCAM, E-selectin), inducible enzymes (COX-2 and iNOS), growth factors, some of the acute phase proteins, and immune receptors, all of which play critical roles in controlling most inflammatory processes. Since NF-κB represents an important and very attractive therapeutic target for drugs to treat many inflammatory diseases, including arthritis, asthma, and the auto-immune diseases, most attention has been paid in the last decade to the identification of compounds that selectively interfere with this pathway. Recently, a great number of plant-derived substances have been evaluated as possible inhibitors of the NF-κB pathway. These include a wide range of compound classess, such as lignans (manassantins, (+)-saucernetin, (-)-saucerneol methyl ether), sesquiterpenes (costunolide, parthenolide, celastrol, celaphanol A), diterpenes (excisanin, kamebakaurin), triterpenes (avicin, oleandrin), polyphenols (resveratrol, epigallocatechin gallate, quercetin), etc. In this mini-review we will discuss the medicinal chemistry of these compounds with regards to the NF-κB inhibition.
Export Options
About this article
Cite this article as:
Nam Nguyen-Hai, Naturally Occurring NF-κB Inhibitors, Mini-Reviews in Medicinal Chemistry 2006; 6 (8) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/138955706777934937
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/138955706777934937 |
Print ISSN 1389-5575 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1875-5607 |
Call for Papers in Thematic Issues
Bioprospecting of Natural Products as Sources of New Multitarget Therapies
According to the Convention on Biological Diversity, bioprospecting is the exploration of biodiversity and indigenous knowledge to develop commercially valuable products for pharmaceutical and other applications. Bioprospecting involves searching for useful organic compounds in plants, fungi, marine organisms, and microorganisms. Natural products traditionally constituted the primary source of more than ...read more
Mitochondria as a Therapeutic Target in Metabolic Disorders
Mitochondria are the primary site of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) production in mammalian cells. Moreover, these organelles are an important source of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species in virtually any nucleated cell type. The modulation of a myriad of cellular signaling pathways depends on the mitochondrial physiology. Mitochondrial dysfunction is observed ...read more
Natural Products and Dietary Supplements in Alleviation of Metabolic, Cardiovascular, and Neurological Disorders
Metabolic disorders like diabetes, obesity, inflammation, oxidative stress, cancer etc, cardiovascular disorders like angina, myocardial infarction, congestive heart failure etc as well as neurological disorders like Alzheimer?s, Parkinson?s, Epilepsy, Depression, etc are the global burden. They covered the major segment of the diseases and disorders from which the human community ...read more
Natural Products in Drug Discovery
Natural products have always been one of the important ways of drug discovery due to their novel skeleton and diverse functional group characteristics. According to statistics, between 1981 and 2019, the FDA approved a total of 1,394 small molecule drugs for marketing, of which 930 marketed drugs originated from the ...read more
- Author Guidelines
- Graphical Abstracts
- Fabricating and Stating False Information
- Research Misconduct
- Post Publication Discussions and Corrections
- Publishing Ethics and Rectitude
- Increase Visibility of Your Article
- Archiving Policies
- Peer Review Workflow
- Order Your Article Before Print
- Promote Your Article
- Manuscript Transfer Facility
- Editorial Policies
- Allegations from Whistleblowers
Related Articles
-
Use of Antihistamines in Ocular Therapy
Current Medicinal Chemistry - Anti-Inflammatory & Anti-Allergy Agents Preface
Current Pharmaceutical Design In Vitro and In Vivo Antifilarial Activity of Standardized Extract of Calotropis procera Flowers against Brugia malayi
Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry Withdrawal Notice: A Panoramic View on the Phytochemical, Nutritional and Therapeutic value of Ziziphus mauritiana Lam.: A Comprehensive Review
Mini-Reviews in Medicinal Chemistry Discrete Modelling of Powder Dispersion in Dry Powder Inhalers - A Brief Review
Current Pharmaceutical Design Choline Triggers Exacerbations of Chronic Obstructive PulmonaryDisease in Patients Infected with Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Current Respiratory Medicine Reviews Tuberculosis, an Old Disease Lacking New Therapeutic Drugs
Current Drug Therapy Chemokine-Chemokine Receptor Network in Immune Cell Trafficking
Current Drug Targets - Immune, Endocrine & Metabolic Disorders Metabolism-based Drug-drug Interactions in Patients with Chronic Respiratory Diseases: A Review Focusing on Drugs Affecting the Respiratory System
Current Drug Metabolism Updating the Chemistry and Biology of Cannabinoid CB2 Receptor – Specific Inverse Agonists
Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry Recent Patents on Nucleic Acid-Based Antiviral Therapeutics
Recent Patents on Anti-Infective Drug Discovery Social Determinants of Childhood Obesity: Beyond Individual Choices
Current Pediatric Reviews In Vitro Effects of Nickel on Healthy Non-Allergic Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells. The Role of Red Grape Polyphenols
Endocrine, Metabolic & Immune Disorders - Drug Targets Antiviral Activity of Phytochemicals: A Comprehensive Review
Mini-Reviews in Medicinal Chemistry The Effect of Vitamin D Supplementation on Clinical Outcomes of Asthmatic Children with Vitamin D Insufficiency
Endocrine, Metabolic & Immune Disorders - Drug Targets The Role of Natural Products in the Ligand Deorphanization of TRP Channels
Current Pharmaceutical Design Early-Life Immune Insult and Developmental Immunotoxicity (DIT)-Associated Diseases: Potential of Herbal- and Fungal-Derived Medicinals
Current Medicinal Chemistry Correlations between the Youth Healthy Eating Index, Body Mass Index and the Salivary Nitric Oxide Concentration in Overweight/Obese Children
Endocrine, Metabolic & Immune Disorders - Drug Targets Roles of Chemokine CXCL12 and its Receptors in Ischemic Stroke
Current Drug Targets Molecular and Cellular Mechanisms of Hexavalent Chromium-Induced Lung Cancer: An Updated Perspective
Current Drug Metabolism