Abstract
The migration of tumor cells is a prerequisite for tumor cell invasion and metastasis development, which accounts for over 90% of cancer mortality. Therefore a major focus of current tumor biological research is the study of those factors that regulate tumor cell migration. Those chemokines and neurotransmitters that bind to G-protein coupled receptors (also known as serpentine receptors) are the most prominent of these factors. Neurotransmitters have been identified that have not only a stimulatory (e.g. norepinephrine) effect, but an inhibitory effect (e.g. GABA) as well. This is an especially fortuitous development, because many known agonists and antagonists of neurotransmitter receptors are currently being successfully used in the treatment of other pathological conditions (e.g. β-blockers in the treatment of cardiovascular diseases). Likewise, chemokine receptor antagonists, which are under development for the treatment of HIV or rheumatoid arthritis, may be effective tools for the inhibition of chemokine-driven tumor cell migration as well. A further approach to inhibit tumor cell migration arises from the investigation of the relevant signal transduction pathways. The PKC alpha, for example, is a key enzyme in the regulation of tumor cell migration, but not of leukocyte migration. It thus offers a selective target opportunity for specific pharmacological agents to interfere with tumor cell migration. In this review we therefore summarize the current findings on those serpentine receptors involved in the neurotransmitter- and chemokine-regulated tumor cell migration, on the underlying signal transduction pathways, and on the opportunities to inhibit tumor cell migration and ultimately metastasis development with pharmaceutical agents.
Keywords: tumor cell, migration, metastasis, chemokines, neurotransmitters, serpentine receptors, signal transduction
Current Pharmaceutical Design
Title: Neurotransmitters and Chemokines Regulate Tumor Cell Migration: Potential for a New Pharmacological Approach to Inhibit Invasion and Metastasis Development
Volume: 11 Issue: 3
Author(s): Frank Entschladen, Theodore L. Drell IV, Kerstin Lang, Jan Joseph and Kurt S. Zaenker
Affiliation:
Keywords: tumor cell, migration, metastasis, chemokines, neurotransmitters, serpentine receptors, signal transduction
Abstract: The migration of tumor cells is a prerequisite for tumor cell invasion and metastasis development, which accounts for over 90% of cancer mortality. Therefore a major focus of current tumor biological research is the study of those factors that regulate tumor cell migration. Those chemokines and neurotransmitters that bind to G-protein coupled receptors (also known as serpentine receptors) are the most prominent of these factors. Neurotransmitters have been identified that have not only a stimulatory (e.g. norepinephrine) effect, but an inhibitory effect (e.g. GABA) as well. This is an especially fortuitous development, because many known agonists and antagonists of neurotransmitter receptors are currently being successfully used in the treatment of other pathological conditions (e.g. β-blockers in the treatment of cardiovascular diseases). Likewise, chemokine receptor antagonists, which are under development for the treatment of HIV or rheumatoid arthritis, may be effective tools for the inhibition of chemokine-driven tumor cell migration as well. A further approach to inhibit tumor cell migration arises from the investigation of the relevant signal transduction pathways. The PKC alpha, for example, is a key enzyme in the regulation of tumor cell migration, but not of leukocyte migration. It thus offers a selective target opportunity for specific pharmacological agents to interfere with tumor cell migration. In this review we therefore summarize the current findings on those serpentine receptors involved in the neurotransmitter- and chemokine-regulated tumor cell migration, on the underlying signal transduction pathways, and on the opportunities to inhibit tumor cell migration and ultimately metastasis development with pharmaceutical agents.
Export Options
About this article
Cite this article as:
Entschladen Frank, Drell IV L. Theodore, Lang Kerstin, Joseph Jan and Zaenker S. Kurt, Neurotransmitters and Chemokines Regulate Tumor Cell Migration: Potential for a New Pharmacological Approach to Inhibit Invasion and Metastasis Development, Current Pharmaceutical Design 2005; 11 (3) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1381612053382197
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1381612053382197 |
Print ISSN 1381-6128 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1873-4286 |
Call for Papers in Thematic Issues
"Tuberculosis Prevention, Diagnosis and Drug Discovery"
The Nobel Prize-winning discoveries of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and streptomycin have enabled an appropriate diagnosis and an effective treatment of tuberculosis (TB). Since then, many newer diagnosis methods and drugs have been saving millions of lives. Despite advances in the past, TB is still a leading cause of infectious disease mortality ...read more
Current Pharmaceutical challenges in the treatment and diagnosis of neurological dysfunctions
Neurological dysfunctions (MND, ALS, MS, PD, AD, HD, ALS, Autism, OCD etc..) present significant challenges in both diagnosis and treatment, often necessitating innovative approaches and therapeutic interventions. This thematic issue aims to explore the current pharmaceutical landscape surrounding neurological disorders, shedding light on the challenges faced by researchers, clinicians, and ...read more
Emerging and re-emerging diseases
Faced with a possible endemic situation of COVID-19, the world has experienced two important phenomena, the emergence of new infectious diseases and/or the resurgence of previously eradicated infectious diseases. Furthermore, the geographic distribution of such diseases has also undergone changes. This context, in turn, may have a strong relationship with ...read more
Melanoma and Non-Melanoma Skin Cancer Treatment: Standard of Care and Recent Advances
In this thematic issue, we aim to provide a standard of care of the diagnosis and treatment of melanoma and non-melanoma skin cancer. The editor will invite authors from different countries who will write review articles of melanoma and non-melanoma skin cancers. The Diagnosis, Staging, Surgical Treatment, Non-Surgical Treatment all ...read more
- Author Guidelines
- Graphical Abstracts
- Fabricating and Stating False Information
- Research Misconduct
- Post Publication Discussions and Corrections
- Publishing Ethics and Rectitude
- Increase Visibility of Your Article
- Archiving Policies
- Peer Review Workflow
- Order Your Article Before Print
- Promote Your Article
- Manuscript Transfer Facility
- Editorial Policies
- Allegations from Whistleblowers
- Announcements
Related Articles
-
Metabolic Changes in Autoimmune Diseases
Current Drug Discovery Technologies Melatonin and Respiratory Diseases: A Review
Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry UCSF Small Molecule Discovery Center: Innovation, Collaboration and Chemical Biology in the Bay Area
Combinatorial Chemistry & High Throughput Screening Anti-Inflammatory Iridoids of Botanical Origin
Current Medicinal Chemistry Cyclooxygenase Inhibitory Natural Products: Current Status
Current Medicinal Chemistry Arthropathy in Patients with CREST Variant Scleroderma
Current Rheumatology Reviews Inflammatory Caspases: Targets for Novel Therapies
Current Pharmaceutical Design Immune Cell Entry to Central Nervous System - Current Understanding and Prospective Therapeutic Targets
Endocrine, Metabolic & Immune Disorders - Drug Targets Platelets in Angiogenesis
Current Vascular Pharmacology Development, Pre-clinical Investigation and Histopathological Evaluation of Metronidazole Loaded Topical Formulation for Treatment of Skin Inflammatory Disorders
Drug Delivery Letters Stem Cells Differentiation: Organic Chemistry is Back
Letters in Organic Chemistry Application of Genomics in the Prevention, Treatment and Management of Achilles Tendinopathy and Anterior Cruciate Ligament Ruptures
Recent Patents on DNA & Gene Sequences Progress in the Development of Matrix Metalloproteinase Inhibitors
Current Medicinal Chemistry Dihydrofolate Reductase Gene Variations in Susceptibility to Disease and Treatment Outcomes
Current Genomics Preface [ Hot Topic: Autoimmunity (Executive Editor : Dorothea Stahl)]
Current Pharmaceutical Design Apoptosis-Inducing Activity of the S100A8/A9 Heterodimer
Anti-Inflammatory & Anti-Allergy Agents in Medicinal Chemistry Immunotherapy with Tumor Vaccines for the Treatment of Malignant Gliomas
Current Drug Discovery Technologies The Long-Term Outcome of Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis
Current Rheumatology Reviews Protein Glycation: An Old Villain is Shedding Secrets
Combinatorial Chemistry & High Throughput Screening Modulation of Cardiovascular Function by Adipokines
Cardiovascular & Hematological Disorders-Drug Targets