Abstract
Head and neck cancer refers to a group of malignancies that affects the epithelium of the upper aereodigestive tract, primarily the lip and mouth, pharynx and larynx. Head and neck cancer is strongly associated with tobacco smoking, alcohol consumption and betel nut chewing, and indeed a reduction in the exposure to these risk factors has determined a recent decrease in incidence rates in many countries. There remains, however, a significant increase in head and neck cancer rates in those regions where tobacco epidemic continues, as well as in the number of oral cancers related to HPV infection (in particular cancer of the oropharynx, tonsil, and base of the tongue), which typically affect young adults with no history of exposure to tobacco or alcohol. Treatment of head and neck cancer has significantly changed during the last few decades, and an increasing number of individuals are currently offered combined chemoradiotherapy as single treatment modality for organ preservation or in association with surgery to improve prognosis. Unfortunately, the majority of head and neck cancer patients eventually succumb to their disease, with inoperable locoregional recurrences and lack of response to chemoradiotherapy representing the main causes of death. There is an urgent need of novel molecular-targeted therapeutics that could overcome the limitations of current treatment modalities. This paper reviews the characteristics of a novel group of promising antineoplastic agents, poly (ADP-ribose) polymerases (PARP) inhibitors, which cleverly target one of the mechanisms cancer cells use to escape the toxic effect of chemoradiation, and describe the potential benefits of their addition to current limited range of head and neck cancer antineoplastic agents.
Keywords: Oral cancer, head and neck cancer, synthetic lethality, poly (ADP-ribose) polymerases (PARP) inhibitors, chemotherapy, radiotherapy, upper aereodigestive tract, tobacco smoking , alcohol consumption, tonsil.
Current Pharmaceutical Design
Title:Synthetic Lethality and PARP-Inhibitors in Oral and Head & Neck Cancer
Volume: 18 Issue: 34
Author(s): Martin Forster, Ruheena Mendes and Stefano Fedele
Affiliation:
Keywords: Oral cancer, head and neck cancer, synthetic lethality, poly (ADP-ribose) polymerases (PARP) inhibitors, chemotherapy, radiotherapy, upper aereodigestive tract, tobacco smoking , alcohol consumption, tonsil.
Abstract: Head and neck cancer refers to a group of malignancies that affects the epithelium of the upper aereodigestive tract, primarily the lip and mouth, pharynx and larynx. Head and neck cancer is strongly associated with tobacco smoking, alcohol consumption and betel nut chewing, and indeed a reduction in the exposure to these risk factors has determined a recent decrease in incidence rates in many countries. There remains, however, a significant increase in head and neck cancer rates in those regions where tobacco epidemic continues, as well as in the number of oral cancers related to HPV infection (in particular cancer of the oropharynx, tonsil, and base of the tongue), which typically affect young adults with no history of exposure to tobacco or alcohol. Treatment of head and neck cancer has significantly changed during the last few decades, and an increasing number of individuals are currently offered combined chemoradiotherapy as single treatment modality for organ preservation or in association with surgery to improve prognosis. Unfortunately, the majority of head and neck cancer patients eventually succumb to their disease, with inoperable locoregional recurrences and lack of response to chemoradiotherapy representing the main causes of death. There is an urgent need of novel molecular-targeted therapeutics that could overcome the limitations of current treatment modalities. This paper reviews the characteristics of a novel group of promising antineoplastic agents, poly (ADP-ribose) polymerases (PARP) inhibitors, which cleverly target one of the mechanisms cancer cells use to escape the toxic effect of chemoradiation, and describe the potential benefits of their addition to current limited range of head and neck cancer antineoplastic agents.
Export Options
About this article
Cite this article as:
Forster Martin, Mendes Ruheena and Fedele Stefano, Synthetic Lethality and PARP-Inhibitors in Oral and Head & Neck Cancer, Current Pharmaceutical Design 2012; 18 (34) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/138161212803307608
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/138161212803307608 |
Print ISSN 1381-6128 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1873-4286 |
Call for Papers in Thematic Issues
"Tuberculosis Prevention, Diagnosis and Drug Discovery"
The Nobel Prize-winning discoveries of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and streptomycin have enabled an appropriate diagnosis and an effective treatment of tuberculosis (TB). Since then, many newer diagnosis methods and drugs have been saving millions of lives. Despite advances in the past, TB is still a leading cause of infectious disease mortality ...read more
Current Pharmaceutical challenges in the treatment and diagnosis of neurological dysfunctions
Neurological dysfunctions (MND, ALS, MS, PD, AD, HD, ALS, Autism, OCD etc..) present significant challenges in both diagnosis and treatment, often necessitating innovative approaches and therapeutic interventions. This thematic issue aims to explore the current pharmaceutical landscape surrounding neurological disorders, shedding light on the challenges faced by researchers, clinicians, and ...read more
Emerging and re-emerging diseases
Faced with a possible endemic situation of COVID-19, the world has experienced two important phenomena, the emergence of new infectious diseases and/or the resurgence of previously eradicated infectious diseases. Furthermore, the geographic distribution of such diseases has also undergone changes. This context, in turn, may have a strong relationship with ...read more
Melanoma and Non-Melanoma Skin Cancer Treatment: Standard of Care and Recent Advances
In this thematic issue, we aim to provide a standard of care of the diagnosis and treatment of melanoma and non-melanoma skin cancer. The editor will invite authors from different countries who will write review articles of melanoma and non-melanoma skin cancers. The Diagnosis, Staging, Surgical Treatment, Non-Surgical Treatment all ...read more
- Author Guidelines
- Graphical Abstracts
- Fabricating and Stating False Information
- Research Misconduct
- Post Publication Discussions and Corrections
- Publishing Ethics and Rectitude
- Increase Visibility of Your Article
- Archiving Policies
- Peer Review Workflow
- Order Your Article Before Print
- Promote Your Article
- Manuscript Transfer Facility
- Editorial Policies
- Allegations from Whistleblowers
- Announcements
Related Articles
-
miR-221/222 Confers Radioresistance in Glioblastoma Cells Through Activating Akt Independent of PTEN Status
Current Molecular Medicine Topical Chemoprevention of Skin Cancers with Phytochemicals
Current Cancer Therapy Reviews Induction of Tumour Cell Senescence: A New Strategy in Anticancer Treatment
Medicinal Chemistry Reviews - Online (Discontinued) Patent Selections
Recent Patents on Biomarkers Targeted Drug Delivery and Imaging Using Mobile Milli/Microrobots: A Promising Future Towards Theranostic Pharmaceutical Design
Current Pharmaceutical Design Anticancer Potential of Ginger: Mechanistic and Pharmaceutical Aspects
Current Pharmaceutical Design TGF-beta Signaling in Cancer Treatment
Current Pharmaceutical Design Novel Substituted Quinazolines for Potent EGFR Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors
Current Medicinal Chemistry Recent Advances in Oncogenic Roles of the TRPM7 Chanzyme
Current Medicinal Chemistry Nanoparticles: Properties and Applications in Cancer Immunotherapy
Current Pharmaceutical Design The Molecular Basis of Herpesviruses as Oncolytic Agents
Current Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Anti-Proliferative Activity of Standardized Methanol Extract of Coscinium fenestratum and Its Major Constituent, Berberine, Against Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Cells
The Natural Products Journal Cancer Invasion and Metastasis: Discovering New Targets For Diagnosis and Therapeutics
Current Signal Transduction Therapy microRNAs: Small Molecules with a Potentially Role in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Current Pharmaceutical Design The Epidemiological, Mechanistic and Potential Clinical Role of Androgen Receptor (AR) in Urothelial Carcinoma
Current Drug Targets Glycosylation Pathways as Drug Targets for Cancer: Glycosidase Inhibitors
Mini-Reviews in Medicinal Chemistry Exosomes: A Promising Factor Involved in Cancer Hypoxic Microenvironments
Current Medicinal Chemistry Recent Patents on Biomarkers in Oral Cancers
Recent Patents on Biomarkers Epoch-making Treatment with Transoral Robotic Surgery for Oropharyngeal Carcinoma
Current Cancer Therapy Reviews From Bacteria to Antineoplastic: Epothilones A Successful History
Anti-Cancer Agents in Medicinal Chemistry