Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate the alterations in the levels of nuclear factor κBp65 (NF-κBp65), monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 (MCP-1/CCL-2) and macrophage inflammatory protein 1α (MIP-1α/CCL-3) in relationship to the expression of α3 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) during the pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). The post-mortem human brains of AD and age-matched control individuals, SH-SY5Y and U87MG cell lines exposed to β-amyloid peptide (Aβ), as well as the SH-SY5Y cells in which α3 nAChR was down-regulated by siRNA were used to study the possible expression changes of the targets such as NF-κBp65, MCP-1, MIP-1α and α3 nAChR. The immunohistochemistry results showed the increased immunoreactivities of NF-κBp65, MCP-1 and MIP-1α in neurons in hippocampal and temporal and frontal regions of AD brains. Levels of NF-κBp65, MCP-1 and MIP-1α at both protein and mRNA levels were all significantly up-regulated in SH-SY5Y and U87MG cells exposed to Aβ1-42, while expression of α3 nAChRs in Aβ1-42 exposed SH-SY5Y cells was attenuated. Interestingly, in the SH-SY5Y cells subjected to α3 nAChR mRNA silencing, expression of NF-κBp65, MCP-1 and MIP-1α was elevated. The elevated expressions of NF- κB and chemokines may be involved by decreased expression of α3 nAChRs during the pathogenesis of AD.
Keywords: Alzheimer's disease, brain, β-amyloid peptide, NF-κBp65, MCP-1, MCP-1α, α3 nAChR.
Current Alzheimer Research
Title:Elevations in the Levels of NF-κB and Inflammatory Chemotactic Factors in the Brains with Alzheimer’s Disease - One Mechanism May Involve α3 Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor
Volume: 13 Issue: 11
Author(s): Yuan Liao, Xiao-Lan Qi, Ying Cao, Wen-Feng Yu, Rivka Ravid, Bengt Winblad, Jin-Jing Pei and Zhi-Zhong Guan
Affiliation:
Keywords: Alzheimer's disease, brain, β-amyloid peptide, NF-κBp65, MCP-1, MCP-1α, α3 nAChR.
Abstract: The purpose of this study was to investigate the alterations in the levels of nuclear factor κBp65 (NF-κBp65), monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 (MCP-1/CCL-2) and macrophage inflammatory protein 1α (MIP-1α/CCL-3) in relationship to the expression of α3 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) during the pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). The post-mortem human brains of AD and age-matched control individuals, SH-SY5Y and U87MG cell lines exposed to β-amyloid peptide (Aβ), as well as the SH-SY5Y cells in which α3 nAChR was down-regulated by siRNA were used to study the possible expression changes of the targets such as NF-κBp65, MCP-1, MIP-1α and α3 nAChR. The immunohistochemistry results showed the increased immunoreactivities of NF-κBp65, MCP-1 and MIP-1α in neurons in hippocampal and temporal and frontal regions of AD brains. Levels of NF-κBp65, MCP-1 and MIP-1α at both protein and mRNA levels were all significantly up-regulated in SH-SY5Y and U87MG cells exposed to Aβ1-42, while expression of α3 nAChRs in Aβ1-42 exposed SH-SY5Y cells was attenuated. Interestingly, in the SH-SY5Y cells subjected to α3 nAChR mRNA silencing, expression of NF-κBp65, MCP-1 and MIP-1α was elevated. The elevated expressions of NF- κB and chemokines may be involved by decreased expression of α3 nAChRs during the pathogenesis of AD.
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Cite this article as:
Liao Yuan, Qi Xiao-Lan, Cao Ying, Yu Wen-Feng, Ravid Rivka, Winblad Bengt, Pei Jin-Jing and Guan Zhi-Zhong, Elevations in the Levels of NF-κB and Inflammatory Chemotactic Factors in the Brains with Alzheimer’s Disease - One Mechanism May Involve α3 Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor, Current Alzheimer Research 2016; 13 (11) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1567205013666160703174254
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1567205013666160703174254 |
Print ISSN 1567-2050 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1875-5828 |
Call for Papers in Thematic Issues
New Advances in the Prevention, Diagnosis, Treatment, and Rehabilitation of Alzheimer's Disease
Aims and Scope: Introduction: Alzheimer's disease (AD) poses a significant global health challenge, with an increasing prevalence that demands concerted efforts to advance our understanding and strategies for prevention, diagnosis, treatment, and rehabilitation. This thematic issue aims to bring together cutting-edge research and innovative approaches from multidisciplinary perspectives to address ...read more
Current updates on the Role of Neuroinflammation in Neurodegenerative Disorders
Neuroinflammation is an invariable hallmark of chronic and acute neurodegenerative disorders and has long been considered a potential drug target for Alzheimer?s disease (AD) and dementia. Significant evidence of inflammatory processes as a feature of AD is provided by the presence of inflammatory markers in plasma, CSF and postmortem brain ...read more
Deep Learning for Advancing Alzheimer's Disease Research
Alzheimer's disease (AD) poses a significant global health challenge, with an increasing number of individuals affected yearly. Deep learning, a subfield of artificial intelligence, has shown immense potential in various domains, including healthcare. This thematic issue of Current Alzheimer Research explores the application of deep learning techniques in advancing our ...read more
Diagnostic and therapeutic biomarkers of dementia
Dementia affects 18 million people worldwide. Dementia is a syndrome of symptoms caused by brain disease, usually chronic or progressive, clinically characterized by multiple impairments of higher cortical functions such as memory, thinking, orientation, and learning. In addition, in the course of dementia, cognitive deficits are observed, which often hinder ...read more
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