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Systematic Review

Risk of gastrointestinal complications in cancer patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors: a meta-analysis

    Omar Abdel-Rahman

    *Author for correspondence:

    E-mail Address: omar.abdelrhman@med.asu.edu.eg

    Clinical Oncology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt

    ,
    Hesham ElHalawani

    Clinical Oncology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt

    &
    Mona Fouad

    Medical Microbiology & Immunology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt

    Published Online:https://doi.org/10.2217/imt.15.87

    Aim: We performed a meta-analysis of the risk of selected gastrointestinal toxicities associated with immune checkpoint inhibitors. Patients & methods: Eligible studies included randomized trials of patients with solid tumors on ipilimumab, nivolumab, pembrolizumab, tremelimumab, pidilizumab and atezolizumab, describing events of diarrhea, vomiting or colitis. Results: After exclusion of ineligible studies, a total of ten clinical trials were considered eligible for the meta-analysis. The relative risk of all-grade diarrhea, vomiting and colitis was 1.64 (95% CI: 1.19–2.26; p = 0.002), 0.72 (95% CI: 0.49–1.07; p = 0.1), 10.35 (95% CI: 5.78–18.53; p < 0.00001), respectively. Conclusion: Our meta-analysis has demonstrated that immune checkpoint inhibitors are associated with a significantly increased risk of all grade and high-grade colitis.

    Papers of special note have been highlighted as: • of interest

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