The Meaning of Food to Breast Cancer Survivors

Publication: Canadian Journal of Dietetic Practice and Research
July 2005

Abstract

Although a definitive relationship between diet and breast cancer remains controversial, many women adopt dietary change after diagnosis. To understand factors motivating dietary change, we explored the meanings that breast cancer survivors attached to food during recovery. Six women who were breast cancer survivors for six to 19 years participated in semi-structured interviews exploring personal meanings attached to food, dietary changes after diagnosis, factors influencing dietary change, and experiences with food in relation to breast cancer. Two distinct phases emerged. These corresponded to active treatment, when women used food to gain control, to cope, for comfort, and for hope, and to post-treatment, when the meanings that women attached to food were shaped by the perception of food's role in breast cancer causation. Women who believed that diet prevents a first diagnosis adopted change to prevent recurrence, while those who did not believe in the relationship between diet and breast cancer adopted change to improve health. In women with breast cancer, food can be an important coping mechanism. Women may benefit from counselling grounded in the meanings they attach to food over the recovery continuum.

Résumé

Bien que la relation claire entre l'alimentation et le cancer du sein reste controversée, de nombreuses femmes modifient leur régime alimentaire à la suite d'un diagnostic. Pour comprendre les facteurs qui motivent les changements alimentaires, nous avons étudié l'importance que les survivantes d'un cancer du sein accordent à l'alimentation pendant leur rétablissement. Six femmes qui ont survécu à un cancer du sein de 6 à 19 ans ont participé à des entrevues semi-structurées sur l'importance que chacune accordait à l'alimentation, leurs changements diététiques après le diagnostic, les facteurs influençant leurs changements diététiques et leurs observations sur les aliments en relation avec le cancer du sein. Deux phases distinctes sont ressorties : la période du traitement actif, lorsque les femmes utilisaient l'alimentation pour dominer la situation, affronter la maladie, rechercher un bien-être et garder espoir; la période posttraitement, pendant laquelle l'importance que les femmes accordaient aux aliments découlait de la perception du rôle des aliments dans la cause du cancer du sein. Les femmes qui croyaient que l'alimentation prévient un premier diagnostic ont adopté des changements pour éviter une récidive, tandis que celles qui ne croyaient pas à la relation entre l'alimentation et le cancer du sein adoptaient des changements pour améliorer leur santé. Chez les femmes atteintes du cancer du sein, l'alimentation peut devenir un mécanisme important pour surmonter la maladie. Ces femmes peuvent bénéficier de conseils fondés sur l'importance qu'elles accordent à l'alimentation tout au long de leur période de rétablissement.

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Information & Authors

Information

Published In

cover image Canadian Journal of Dietetic Practice and Research
Canadian Journal of Dietetic Practice and Research
Volume 66Number 2July 2005
Pages: 62 - 66

History

Version of record online: 12 February 2007

Authors

Affiliations

Charla Adams, MScAHN, RD
Department of Applied Human Nutrition, Mount Saint Vincent University, Halifax, NS
N. Theresa Glanville, PhD, PDt
Department of Applied Human Nutrition, Mount Saint Vincent University, Halifax, NS

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