Open Access, Peer-reviewed
eISSN 2093-758X
    J Korean Acad Nurs. 2015 Jun;45(3):388-396. Korean.
    Published online Jun 30, 2015.
    https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2015.45.3.388
    © 2015 Korean Society of Nursing Science
    Original Article

    Effects of Silver-Care-Robot Program on Cognitive Function, Depression, and Activities of Daily Living for Institutionalized Elderly People

    Jin-Hwan Oh,1 Yeo-Jin Yi,2 Chul-Jin Shin,3 Cheonshu Park,4 Sangseung Kang,4 Jaehong Kim,4 and In-Sook Kim1
      • 1Department of Nursing, Suwon Science College, Hwaseong, Korea.
      • 2College of Nursing, Gachon University, Incheon, Korea.
      • 3College of Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Korea.
      • 4Intelligent Cognitive Technology Research Department, ETRI (Electronics and Telecommunications Research Institute), Daejeon, Korea.
    • Address reprint requests to: Yi, Yeo-Jin. College of Nursing, Gachon University, 191 Hambakmeoiro, Yunsu-gu, Incheon 406-799, Korea. Tel: +82-32-820-4217, Fax: +82-32-820-4201, Email: yjyi@gachon.ac.kr
    Received November 27, 2014; Revised December 15, 2014; Accepted April 06, 2015.

    This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution NoDerivs License. (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/4.0/) If the original work is properly cited and retained without any modification or reproduction, it can be used and re-distributed in any format and medium.

    Abstract

    Purpose

    The purpose of this study was to identify the effects on cognitive function, depression, and activities of daily living of Silver-Care-Robot Program for institutionalized elders.

    Methods

    This study was a nonequivalent control group pretest-posttest design. The participants were 42 institutionalized elders (17 in the experimental group and 25 in the control group). The Silver-Care-Robot Program was provided as an intervention which was conducted twice a week for 5 weeks. The Silver-Care-Robot Program is an integrated entertainment program to help the mental, emotional, and physical health of elderly people. Pre-test was conducted on the two groups, and, in order to examine the effects of intervention, a post-test was conducted after 5 weeks.

    Results

    There were significant differences in cognitive function and ADL (activities of daily living) between two groups after the program. But the difference in depression in the institutionalized elders was not statistically significant between the two groups.

    Conclusion

    The Silver-Care-Robot Program should be considered as a regular program for cognitive function and activities of daily living for institutionalized elders.

    Keywords
    Robotics; Aged; Cognition; Depression; Activities of daily living

    Figures

    Figure 1
    Silver-Care-Robot (front and side).

    Tables

    Table 1
    Contents of Silver-Care-Robot Program

    Table 2
    Homogeneity Test of General Characteristics and Dependent Variables (N=42)

    Table 3
    Comparison of MMSE, Depression, and Activity of Daily Living (N=42)

    Notes

    This work was supported in part by the R&D program of the Korea Ministry of Knowledge and Economy (MKE) and the Korea Evaluation Institute of Industrial Technology (KEIT). [KI001836, Development of Mediated Interface Technology for HRI].

    References

      1. Statistics Korea. Population projections for Korea: 2010-2060 [Internet]. Daejeon: Author; 2011 [cited 2014 July 15].
        Available from: http://kostat.go.kr/portal/english/news/1/9/index.board?bmode=read&aSeq=253456.
      1. Kim HS, Yi YJ, Park KH, Kang UK, Lee B. Effects of cognition promoting program on cognitive function, depression and quality of life in elderly. J Korea Contents Assoc 2010;10(8):227–239. [doi: 10.5392/JKCA.2010.10.8.227]
      1. Roger K, Guse L, Mordoch E, Osterreicher A. Social commitment robots and dementia. Can J Aging 2012;31(1):87–94. [doi: 10.1017/s0714980811000663]
      1. Wachtel TJ, Fretwell MD. In: Kim JS, Kim EJ, Park MPractical guide to the care of the geriatric patient. 3rd ed. Philadelphia, PA: Mosby/Elsevier; 2010.
      1. Lee YM, Park NH. The effects of dementia prevention program on cognition, depression, self-esteem and quality of life in the elderly with mild cognitive disorder. J Korean Acad Adult Nurs 2007;19(5):787–796.
      1. Wang MJ. The relations among ADL, self-efficacy, physical activity and cognitive function in Korean elders. J Korean Acad Community Health Nurs 2010;21(1):101–109. [doi: 10.12799/jkachn.2010.21.1.101]
      1. von Gunten A, Giannakopoulos P, Duc R. Cognitive and demographic determinants of dementia in depressed patients with subjective memory complaints. Eur Neurol 2005;54(3):154–158. [doi: 10.1159/000090104]
      1. Park KH, Kim HS, Yi YJ. Comparison of risk factors in cognitive impairment between non-depressive elderly and depressive elderly. J Korea Contents Assoc 2013;13(7):301–310. [doi: 10.5392/JKCA.2013.13.07.301]
      1. Kim JS. A study on self-esteem, IADL, and life satisfaction in the elderly. J Korean Acad Nurs 1998;28(1):148–158.
      1. Chu SK, Yoo JH, Lee CY. The effects of a cognitive behavior program on cognition, depression, and activities of daily living in elderly with cognitive impairment. J Korean Acad Nurs 2007;37(7):1049–1060.
      1. Ro HL, Hwang KC, Kam JA. Effects of intentional Snoezelen program on activities of daily living and cognitive functions of the demented elderly. J Spec Educ Rehabil Sci 2011;50(3):393–412.
      1. Szturm T, Betker AL, Moussavi Z, Desai A, Goodman V. Effects of an interactive computer game exercise regimen on balance impairment in frail community-dwelling older adults: A randomized controlled trial. Phys Ther 2011;91(10):1449–1462. [doi: 10.2522/ptj.20090205]
      1. Sakairi K. Research of robot-assisted activity for the elderly with senile dementia in a group home; SICE 2004 Annual Conference; 2004 August 4-6; Hokkaido Institute of Technology, Sapporo, JP. IEEE; 2004. pp. 2092-2094.
      1. Shibata T, Kawaguchi Y, Wada K. Investigation on people living with Paro at home; 2009 RO-MAN: The 18th IEEE International Symposium on Robot and Human Interactive Communication; 2009 September 27-October 2; Toyama International Conference Center, Toyama, JP. IEEE; 2009. pp. 1131-1136.
      1. Lim NY, Kang HS, Park YS, Ahn DH, Oh JH, Song JH. Cognitive function, mood, problematic behavior and response to interaction with robot pet by elders with dementia. J Korean Acad Fundam Nurs 2009;16(2):223–231.
      1. Song JH. Effects of a robot pet-assisted program for elderly people with dementia. J Korean Acad Nurs 2009;39(4):562–573. [doi: 10.4040/jkan.2009.39.4.562]
      1. Shin HW. In: Study on integrative development of the contents for play therapy for elderly [dissertation]. Seoul: Korea University; 2009.
      1. Sheikh JI, Yesavage JA. The geriatric depression scale (GDS): Recent evidence and development of a shorter version. In: Brink TL, editor. Clinical gerontology: A guide to assessment and intervention. New York, NY: The Haworth Press, Inc.; 1986. pp. 165-173.
      1. Song M. Functional assessment of the elderly: Validation of the scale by factor analysis. Seoul J Nurs 1987;2(1):3–14.
      1. Stafford RQ, Broadbent E, Jayawardena C, Unger U, Kuo IH, Igic A, et al. Improved robot attitudes and emotions at a retirement home after meeting a robo; 2010 RO-MAN: The 19th IEEE International Symposium on Robot and Human Interactive Communication; 2010 September 13-15; Congress Center Il Principino, Viareggio,IT. IEEE; 2010. pp. 82-87.
      1. Jayawardena C, Kuo IH, Unger U, Igic A, Wong R, Watson CI, et al. Deployment of a service robot to help older people; 2010 IEEE/RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems; 2010 October 18-22; Taipei International Convention Center, Taipei, TPE. IEEE; 2010. pp. 5990-5995.
      1. Yoon SH, Kim OH, Kim JI, Jang MY, Chae SO, Choi SY. In: Gerontological nursing. Paju: Soomoonsa; 2010.
      1. Lee B, Choe J. The effects of audio-visual fairy tale program on linguistic intelligence of elderly people. J Digit Des 2010;11(1):345–354.
      1. White H, McConnell E, Clipp E, Branch LG, Sloane R, Pieper C, et al. A randomized controlled trial of the psychosocial impact of providing internet training and access to older adults. Aging Ment Health 2002;6(3):213–221. [doi: 10.1080/13607860220142422]
      1. Tsai HH, Tsai YF, Wang HH, Chang YC, Chu HH. Videoconference program enhances social support, loneliness, and depressive status of elderly nursing home residents. Aging Ment Health 2010;14(8):947–954. [doi: 10.1080/13607863.2010.501057]
      1. Chang S, Kihl T. The effects of music game therapy on cognition function, depression and self-esteem of elderly patients. J Korean Soc Comput Game 2012;25(3):117–127.
      1. Moyle W, Jones C, Cooke M, O'Dwyer S, Sung B, Drummond S. Connecting the person with dementia and family: A feasibility study of a telepresence robot. BMC Geriatr 2014;14:7. [doi: 10.1186/1471-2318-14-7]
      1. Kim HK, Choi ES. Effects of recreational therapy on dementia behavior, affection, and activity of daily living of senile people with dementia. J Korean Acad Adult Nurs 2005;17(1):44–55.
      1. Inoue T, Nihei M, Narita T, Onoda M, Ishiwata R, Mamiya I, et al. Field-based development of an information support robot for persons with dementia. Technol Disabil 2012;24(4):263–271. [doi: 10.3233/TAD-120357]
      1. Cho CY, Kim HS, Kwon YJ. Development of Montessori-based activities for Korean elderly with demented. J Welf Aged 2004;26:119–141.
    Cited by
    Crossref 19
    Google Scholar 
    PubMed Central 8
    Scopus 11
    Web of Science 11
    MeSH Terms
    Activities of Daily Living*
    Cognition*
    Program Evaluation*
    Aged
    Aged, 80 and over
    Depression/physiopathology*
    Female
    Homes for the Aged
    Humans
    Male
    Nursing Homes
    Robotics
    Surveys and Questionnaires
    Metrics
    Share
    Links to
    Figures
    slide

    1 / 1

    Tables
    slide
    slide
    slide

    1 / 3

    Funding Information
    PERMALINK