Verwirrtheit – Das delirante Syndrom in der Palliativmedizin

 

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Zusammenfassung

Das Delir als eine besondere Form der „Verwirrtheit“ ist ein häufiges, multifaktorielles Syndrom in der Palliativmedizin. Die diagnostischen Kriterien werden vorgestellt und die differenzialdiagnostische Abgrenzung zu anderen psychiatrischen Erkrankungen wie Depression, organisch wahnhafte Störung oder den Demenzen wird vorgenommen. Als diagnostisches Assessment hat sich die Confusion Assessment Method bewährt. Präventive, nicht pharmakologische und pharmakologische Strategien des Delirmanagements werden erläutert. Nicht zuletzt werden die Bedeutung der deliranten Symptomatik für die terminale Situation und die daraus resultierenden Erfordernisse verdeutlicht.

Abstract

Delirium as a special form of “confusion” is a common multifactorial syndrome in palliative medicine. The diagnostic criteria and the differential diagnosis of other psychiatric disorders such as depression, organic delusional disorder or dementia are presented. As a diagnostic assessment, the Confusion Assessment Method is the tool of choice. Preventive, non-pharmacological and pharmacological strategies for management of delirium are discussed. Not least, the importance of delirious symptoms for the terminal situation and the resulting implications are illustrated.

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