Drug Res (Stuttg) 2013; 63(11): 579-585
DOI: 10.1055/s-0033-1348261
Original Article
© Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York

Microwave-Assisted Synthesis and Spasmolytic Activity of 4-Indolylhexahydroquinoline Derivatives

A. El-Khouly
1   Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
,
M. G. Gündüz
1   Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
,
Ç. Çengelli
2   Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Osmangazi University, Eskişehir, Turkey
,
R. Şimşek
1   Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
,
K. Erol
2   Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Osmangazi University, Eskişehir, Turkey
,
C. Şafak
1   Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
,
S. Öztürk Yıldırım
3   Department of Physics, Faculty of Sciences, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey
4   Department of Chemistry, Howard University, Washington, USA
,
R. J. Butcher
4   Department of Chemistry, Howard University, Washington, USA
› Author Affiliations
Further Information

Publication History

received 06 May 2013

accepted 24 May 2013

Publication Date:
26 June 2013 (online)

Abstract

In the present study a microwave-assisted one-pot method was applied for the synthesis of 18 novel condensed 1,4-dihydropyridines carrying the indole moiety. The compounds were achieved by the reaction of appropriate 1,3-cyclohexanedione, substituted indole carboxaldehyde derivative, alkyl acetoacetate and ammonium acetate in methanol, according to a modified Hantzsch reaction. The structure elucidation of the compounds was carried out by spectral methods including X-ray studies. Their spasmolytic activities through calcium channel blockade were assayed on isolated rat ileum. The obtained results indicated that the introduction of the brom atom on the indole ring altered the mentioned activity positively.

 
  • References

  • 1 Dolphin AC. A short history of voltage-gated calcium channels. Br J Pharmacol 2006; 147: S56-S62
  • 2 Zamponi GW. Antagonist binding sites of voltage-dependent calcium channels. Drug Develop Res 1997; 42: 131-143
  • 3 Schleifer KJ. Stereoselective characterization of the 1,4-dihydropyridide binding site at L-type calcium channels in the resting state and the opened inactivated state. J Med Chem 1999; 42: 2204-2211
  • 4 Edraki N, Mehdipour AR, Khoshneviszadeh M et al. Dihydropyridines: evaluation of their current and future pharmacological applications. Drug Discov Today 2009; 14: 1058-1066
  • 5 Campiani G, Garofalo A, Fiorini I et al. Pyrrolo[2,1-c][1,4] Benzothiazines – Synthesis, Structure-Activity-Relationships, Molecular Modeling Studies, and Cardiovascular Activity. J Med Chem 1995; 38: 4393-4410
  • 6 Safak C, Simsek R. Fused 1,4-dihydropyridines as potential calcium modulatory compounds. Mini Rev Med Chem 2006; 6: 747-755
  • 7 Triggle DJ. 1,4-dihydropyridine calcium channel ligands: Selectivity of action. The roles of pharmacokinetics, state-dependent interactions, channel isoforms, and other factors. Drug Develop Res 2003; 58: 5-17
  • 8 Peri R, Padmanabhan S, Rutledge A et al. Permanently charged chiral 1,4-dihydropyridines: Molecular probes of L-type calcium channels. Synthesis and pharmacological characterization of methyl (omega-trimethylalkylammonium) 1,4-dihydro-2,6-dimethyl-4-(3-nitrophenyl)-3,5-pyridinedicarboxylate iodide, calcium channel antagonists. J Med Chem 2000; 43: 2906-2914
  • 9 Gordeev MF, Patel DV, England BP et al. Combinatorial synthesis and screening of a chemical library of 1,4-dihydropyridine calcium channel blockers. Bioorg Med Chem 1998; 6: 883-889
  • 10 Simsek R, Ozturk GS, Vural IM et al. Synthesis and calcium modulatory activity of 3-alkyloxycarbonyl-4-(disubstituted)aryl-5-oxo-1,4,5,6,7,8-hexahydroquinoline derivatives. Arch Pharm 2008; 341: 55-60
  • 11 Rose U. 5-Oxo-1,4-Dihydroindenopyridines – Calcium Modulators with Partial Calcium Agonistic Activity. J Het Chem 1990; 27: 237-242
  • 12 Tu SJ, Miao CB, Fang F et al. New potential calcium channel modulators: design and synthesis of compounds containing two pyridine, pyrimidine, pyridone, quinoline and acridine units under microwave irradiation. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2004; 14: 1533-1536
  • 13 Simsek R, Safak C, Erol K et al. Synthesis, evaluation of the calcium antagonistic activity and biotransformation of hexahydroquinoline and furoquinoline derivatives. Arzneimittel-Forsch 2003; 53: 159-166
  • 14 Goldmann S, Stoltefuss J. 1,4-Dihydropyridines-Effects of Chirality and Conformation on the Calcium-Antagonist and Calcium Agonist Activities. Angew Chem Int Edit 1991; 30: 1559-1578
  • 15 Budriesi R, Bisi A, Ioan P et al. 1,4-Dihydropyridine derivatives as calcium channel modulators: the role of 3-methoxy-flavone moiety. Bioorg Med Chem 2005; 13: 3423-3430
  • 16 Bisi A, Budriesi R, Rampa A et al. Synthesis and pharmacological profile of some chloroxanthone-1,4-dihydropyridine derivatives. Arzneimittel-Forsch 1996; 46: 848-851
  • 17 Valenti P, Rampa A, Budriesi R et al. Coumarin 1,4-dihydropyridine derivatives. Bioorg Med Chem 1998; 6: 803-810
  • 18 Ermondi G, Visentin S, Boschi D et al. Structural investigation of Ca2+ antagonists benzofurazanyl and benzofuroxanyl-1,4-dihydropyridines. J Mol Struct 2000; 523: 149-162
  • 19 Perumal PT, Sridhar R. A new protocol to synthesize 1,4-dihydropyridines by using 3,4,5-trifluorobenzeneboronic acid as a catalyst in ionic liquid: synthesis of novel 4-(3-carboxyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)-1,4-dihydropyridines. Tetrahedron 2005; 61: 2465-2470
  • 20 Shiri M. Indoles in Multicomponent Processes (MCPs). Chem Rev 2012; 112: 3508-3549
  • 21 Srivastava A, Pandeya SN. ‘Indole’ a versatile nucleus in pharmaceutical field. Int J Curr Pharma Rev and Res 2011; 1: 1-17
  • 22 El-Nakkady SS, Hanna MM, Roaiah HM et al. Synthesis, molecular docking study and antitumor activity of novel 2-phenylindole derivatives. Eur J Med Chem 2012; 47: 387-398
  • 23 La Regina G, Coluccia A, Brancale A et al. Indolylarylsulfones as HIV-1 Non-Nucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors: New Cyclic Substituents at Indole-2-carboxamide. J Med Chem 2011; 54: 1587-1598
  • 24 Thirumurugan P, Mahalaxmi S, Perumal PT. Synthesis and anti-inflammatory activity of 3-indolyl pyridine derivatives through one-pot multi component reaction. J Chem Sci 2010; 122: 819-832
  • 25 Bouchikhi F, Rossignol E, Sancelme M et al. Synthesis and biological evaluation of diversely substituted indolin-2-ones. Eur J Med Chem 2008; 43: 2316-2322
  • 26 Guzel O, Karali N, Salman A. Synthesis and antituberculosis activity of 5-methyl/trifluoromethoxy-1H-indole-2,3-dione 3-thiosemicarbazone derivatives. Bioorg Med Chem 2008; 16: 8976-8987
  • 27 Li YY, Wu HS, Tang L et al. The potential insulin sensitizing and glucose lowering effects of a novel indole derivative in vitro and in vivo. Pharmacol Res 2007; 56: 335-343
  • 28 Siddiqui N, Alam MS, Ahsan W. Synthesis, anticonvulsant and toxicity evaluation of 2-(1H-indol-3-yl)acetyl-N-(substituted phenyl)hydrazine carbothioamides and their related heterocyclic derivatives. Acta Pharm 2008; 58: 445-454
  • 29 Lavilla R, Gotsens T, Santano MC et al. Synthesis and calcium channel blocking activity of 4-indolyl-1,4-dihydropyridines. Bioorg Chem 1997; 25: 169-178
  • 30 Lidstrom P, Tierney J, Wathey B et al. Microwave assisted organic synthesis – a review. Tetrahedron 2001; 57: 9225-9283
  • 31 Anniyappan M, Muralidharan D, Perumal PT. Synthesis of Hantzsch 1,4-dihydropyridines under microwave irradiation. Synthetic Commun 2002; 32: 659-663
  • 32 Mithlesh S, Pareek PK, Kant R et al. Conventional and microwave-induced synthesis of biologically active 1,4-dihydropyridine derivatives containing benzothiazolyl moiety. Main Group Chem 2009; 8: 323-335
  • 33 Rose U, Drager M. Synthesis, Configuration, and Calcium Modulatory Properties of Enantiomerically Pure 5-Oxo-1,4,5,6,7,8-Hexahydroquinoline-3-Carboxylates. J Med Chem 1992; 35: 2238-2243
  • 34 Ozturk Yildirim S, Butcher RJ, Gunduz MG et al. Ethyl 2,7,7-trimethyl-4-(1-methyl-1H-indol-3-yl)-5-oxo-1,4,5,6,7,8-hexahydroquinoline-3-carboxylate. Acta Crystallogr E 2013; 69: o40-o41
  • 35 Gunduz MG, Butcher RJ, Ozturk Yildirim S et al. Ethyl 4-(5-bromo-1H-indol-3-yl)-2,6,6-trimethyl-5-oxo-1,4,5,6,7,8-hexahydroquinoline-3-carboxylate. Acta Crystallogr E 2012; 68: o3404-o3405