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Erschienen in: Der Urologe 7/2014

01.07.2014 | Leitthema

Aktive Überwachung beim Niedrigrisikoprostatakarzinom

verfasst von: K. Lellig, B. Beyer, M. Graefen, D. Zaak, C. Stief

Erschienen in: Die Urologie | Ausgabe 7/2014

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Zusammenfassung

Das Prostatakarzinom ist in Europa die häufigste Krebserkrankung des Mannes. Die Diagnostik umfasst immer die Kontrolle des Prostataspezifischen-Antigen(PSA)-Spiegels und die Biopsie einer repräsentativen Prostatagewebeprobe. Mit den so erhobenen Befunden können die Erkrankung und deren Prognose eingeschätzt werden. Als Therapieoptionen für ein lokalisiertes Prostatakarzinom geben die europäischen und die deutschen Leitlinien mehrere Varianten vor: die radikale Prostatektomie, eine perkutane Strahlentherapie oder eine Brachytherapie. Ebenso gehört die aktive Überwachung („active surveillance“, AS) zu den Therapieoptionen. Hier werden jedoch strenge Einschlusskriterien angegeben. Der Vorteil der AS liegt darin, dass nur die Patienten einer definitiven Therapie zugeführt werden, die ein Fortschreiten des Prostatakarzinoms zeigen. Patienten mit stabiler Erkrankung werden weiterüberwacht und müssen sich somit nicht mit den Nebenwirkungen der Therapien aussetzen. Allerdings sind die existierenden Einschlusskriterien für die AS aktuell noch zu unsicher. Für einige Patienten mag sich daher der Zeitpunkt einer effektiven Therapie verzögern. Die AS hat ohne Zweifel einen Stellenwert in der Behandlung des Prostatakarzinoms, jedoch fehlen derzeit noch zuverlässige Prädiktoren für die sichere Prognoseabschätzung. Daher müssen die Patienten über die jeweiligen Vor- und Nachteile der AS informiert und aufgeklärt werden.
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Metadaten
Titel
Aktive Überwachung beim Niedrigrisikoprostatakarzinom
verfasst von
K. Lellig
B. Beyer
M. Graefen
D. Zaak
C. Stief
Publikationsdatum
01.07.2014
Verlag
Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Erschienen in
Die Urologie / Ausgabe 7/2014
Print ISSN: 2731-7064
Elektronische ISSN: 2731-7072
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00120-014-3535-z

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