Skip to main content
Erschienen in: Gynäkologische Endokrinologie 4/2015

01.10.2015 | Leitthema

Interventionell-radiologische Therapie des Uterusmyoms durch Embolisation

verfasst von: PD Dr. Jan Peter Goltz, EBIR

Erschienen in: Gynäkologische Endokrinologie | Ausgabe 4/2015

Einloggen, um Zugang zu erhalten

Zusammenfassung

Hintergrund

Leiomyome des Uterus sind die häufigsten benignen Beckentumoren. Sie treten bei bis zu 70 % aller Frauen auf. In etwa einem Drittel der Fälle verursachen sie Symptome. Die Therapieoptionen umfassen die operative Entfernung sowie minimal-invasive Verfahren der Interventionsradiologie.

Zielsetzung

Vorstellung der Indikationen, Technik, Komplikationen und Ergebnisse der minimal-invasiven Behandlung symptomatischer Uterusmyome durch Embolisation der Aa. uterinae.

Material und Methoden

Sichtung und Auswertung der vorliegenden Literatur zur Behandlung symptomatischer Uterusmyome durch Embolisation der Aa. uterinae.

Ergebnisse

Die Embolisation der Aa. uterinae bietet hohe technische Erfolgsraten von bis zu 98 %. Schwerwiegendere Komplikationen treten in 3 % der Fälle auf. Einen wichtigen Prädiktor für den klinischen Erfolg stellt eine möglichst umfassende Infarzierung des Zielgewebes dar, die klinische Erfolgsrate liegt initial bei 75 %, wobei Reembolisationen Erfolg versprechen. Im Vergleich zur operativen Entfernung sind erneute Eingriffe häufiger notwendig. Im Langzeitverlauf unterscheidet sich die Embolisationstherapie hinsichtlich der Lebensqualität, Symptomkontrolle und Patientinnenzufriedenheit nicht von der operativen Versorgung.

Schlussfolgerungen

Die Embolisationstherapie ist eine effektive, minimal-invasive Behandlungsoption bei symptomatischen Uterusmyomen und sollte bei der Aufklärung symptomatischer Patientinnen entsprechend berücksichtigt werden. Der weniger invasive Charakter der Embolisationstherapie sollte gegen eine höhere Rate an erneuten Eingriffen abgewogen werden.
Literatur
1.
Zurück zum Zitat Abramowitz SD, Israel GM, McCarthy SM et al (2009) Comparison of four embolic materials at uterine artery embolization by using postprocedural MR imaging enhancement. Radiology 250:482–487CrossRefPubMed Abramowitz SD, Israel GM, McCarthy SM et al (2009) Comparison of four embolic materials at uterine artery embolization by using postprocedural MR imaging enhancement. Radiology 250:482–487CrossRefPubMed
2.
Zurück zum Zitat Bazot M, Salem C, Frey I et al (2002) Imaging of myomas: is preoperative MRI usefull? Gynecol Obstet Fertil 30:711–716CrossRefPubMed Bazot M, Salem C, Frey I et al (2002) Imaging of myomas: is preoperative MRI usefull? Gynecol Obstet Fertil 30:711–716CrossRefPubMed
3.
Zurück zum Zitat Bilhim T, Pisco JM, Duarte M et al (2011) Polyvinyl alcohol particle size for uterine artery embolization: a prospective randomized study of initial use of 350–500 µm particles versus initial use of 500–700 µm particles. J Vasc Interv Radiol 22:21–27CrossRefPubMed Bilhim T, Pisco JM, Duarte M et al (2011) Polyvinyl alcohol particle size for uterine artery embolization: a prospective randomized study of initial use of 350–500 µm particles versus initial use of 500–700 µm particles. J Vasc Interv Radiol 22:21–27CrossRefPubMed
4.
Zurück zum Zitat Dueholm M, Lundorf E, Hansen ES et al (2002) Accuracy of magnetic resonance imaging and transvaginal ultrasonography in the diagnosis, mapping, and measurement of uterine myomas. Am J Obstet Gynecol 186:409–415CrossRefPubMed Dueholm M, Lundorf E, Hansen ES et al (2002) Accuracy of magnetic resonance imaging and transvaginal ultrasonography in the diagnosis, mapping, and measurement of uterine myomas. Am J Obstet Gynecol 186:409–415CrossRefPubMed
5.
Zurück zum Zitat Eckey T, Neumann A, Bohlmann MK et al (2011) Non-invasive thermoablation of symptomatic uterine fibroids with magnetic resonance-guided high-energy ultrasound. Radiologe 51:610–619CrossRefPubMed Eckey T, Neumann A, Bohlmann MK et al (2011) Non-invasive thermoablation of symptomatic uterine fibroids with magnetic resonance-guided high-energy ultrasound. Radiologe 51:610–619CrossRefPubMed
6.
Zurück zum Zitat Gupta JK, Sinha A, Lumsden MA et al (2014) Uterine artery embolization for symptomatic uterine fibroids. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 12:CD005073PubMed Gupta JK, Sinha A, Lumsden MA et al (2014) Uterine artery embolization for symptomatic uterine fibroids. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 12:CD005073PubMed
7.
Zurück zum Zitat Katsumori T, Kasahara T, Kin Y et al (2008) Infarction of uterine fibroids after embolization: relationship between postprocedural enhanced MRI findings and long-term clinical outcomes. Cardiovasc Intervent Radiol 31:66–72CrossRefPubMed Katsumori T, Kasahara T, Kin Y et al (2008) Infarction of uterine fibroids after embolization: relationship between postprocedural enhanced MRI findings and long-term clinical outcomes. Cardiovasc Intervent Radiol 31:66–72CrossRefPubMed
8.
Zurück zum Zitat Kirby JM, Burrows D, Haider E et al (2011) Utility of MRI before and after uterine fibroid embolization: why to do it and what to look for. Cardiovasc Intervent Radiol 34:705–716CrossRefPubMed Kirby JM, Burrows D, Haider E et al (2011) Utility of MRI before and after uterine fibroid embolization: why to do it and what to look for. Cardiovasc Intervent Radiol 34:705–716CrossRefPubMed
9.
Zurück zum Zitat Kroencke TJ, Scheurig C, Kluner C et al (2006) Uterine fibroids: contrast-enhanced MR angiography to predict ovarian artery supply—initial experience. Radiology 241:181–189CrossRefPubMed Kroencke TJ, Scheurig C, Kluner C et al (2006) Uterine fibroids: contrast-enhanced MR angiography to predict ovarian artery supply—initial experience. Radiology 241:181–189CrossRefPubMed
10.
Zurück zum Zitat Kroncke T, David M (2015) Uterine Artery Embolization (UAE) for fibroid treatment – results of the 5th Radiological Gynecological Expert Meeting. Fortschr Röntgenstr 187(6):483–485CrossRef Kroncke T, David M (2015) Uterine Artery Embolization (UAE) for fibroid treatment – results of the 5th Radiological Gynecological Expert Meeting. Fortschr Röntgenstr 187(6):483–485CrossRef
11.
Zurück zum Zitat Kröncke T, Vorwerk D (o J) Empfehlungen zur Embolisation der A. uterina zur Behandlung von Myomen. Arbeitsgemeinschaft Interventionelle Radiologie (AGIR)/Arbeitsgruppe Myomembolisation der DRG. v2.degir.de/download/dokman/Standard-Uterusmyomembolisation Kröncke T, Vorwerk D (o J) Empfehlungen zur Embolisation der A. uterina zur Behandlung von Myomen. Arbeitsgemeinschaft Interventionelle Radiologie (AGIR)/Arbeitsgruppe Myomembolisation der DRG. v2.degir.de/download/dokman/Standard-Uterusmyomembolisation
12.
Zurück zum Zitat Kroncke TJ (2008) Imaging before and after uterine artery embolization. Radiologe 48:639–648CrossRefPubMed Kroncke TJ (2008) Imaging before and after uterine artery embolization. Radiologe 48:639–648CrossRefPubMed
13.
Zurück zum Zitat Kröncke TJ, Gauruder-Burmester A, Gronewold M et al (2004) Technical success rate, peri-interventional complications and radiation exposure of the transarterial embolization for leiomyomas of the uterus. Fortschr Röntgenstr 176:580–589CrossRef Kröncke TJ, Gauruder-Burmester A, Gronewold M et al (2004) Technical success rate, peri-interventional complications and radiation exposure of the transarterial embolization for leiomyomas of the uterus. Fortschr Röntgenstr 176:580–589CrossRef
14.
Zurück zum Zitat Liaw JV, Yun CH, Walker TG et al (2012) Comparison of clinical and MR imaging outcomes after uterine fibroid embolization with Bead Block and Embosphere. Eur J Radiol 81:1371–1375CrossRefPubMed Liaw JV, Yun CH, Walker TG et al (2012) Comparison of clinical and MR imaging outcomes after uterine fibroid embolization with Bead Block and Embosphere. Eur J Radiol 81:1371–1375CrossRefPubMed
15.
Zurück zum Zitat Lohle PN, Voogt MJ, De Vries J et al (2008) Long-term outcome of uterine artery embolization for symptomatic uterine leiomyomas. J Vasc Interv Radiol 19:319–326CrossRefPubMed Lohle PN, Voogt MJ, De Vries J et al (2008) Long-term outcome of uterine artery embolization for symptomatic uterine leiomyomas. J Vasc Interv Radiol 19:319–326CrossRefPubMed
16.
Zurück zum Zitat Manyonda IT, Bratby M, Horst JS et al (2012) Uterine artery embolization versus myomectomy: impact on quality of life—results of the FUME (Fibroids of the Uterus: Myomectomy versus Embolization) Trial. Cardiovasc Intervent Radiol 35:530–536CrossRefPubMed Manyonda IT, Bratby M, Horst JS et al (2012) Uterine artery embolization versus myomectomy: impact on quality of life—results of the FUME (Fibroids of the Uterus: Myomectomy versus Embolization) Trial. Cardiovasc Intervent Radiol 35:530–536CrossRefPubMed
17.
Zurück zum Zitat Martin J, Bhanot K, Athreya S (2013) Complications and reinterventions in uterine artery embolization for symptomatic uterine fibroids: a literature review and meta analysis. Cardiovasc Intervent Radiol 36:395–402CrossRefPubMed Martin J, Bhanot K, Athreya S (2013) Complications and reinterventions in uterine artery embolization for symptomatic uterine fibroids: a literature review and meta analysis. Cardiovasc Intervent Radiol 36:395–402CrossRefPubMed
18.
Zurück zum Zitat Moss JG, Cooper KG, Khaund A et al (2011) Randomised comparison of uterine artery embolisation (UAE) with surgical treatment in patients with symptomatic uterine fibroids (REST trial): 5-year results. BJOG 118:936–944CrossRefPubMed Moss JG, Cooper KG, Khaund A et al (2011) Randomised comparison of uterine artery embolisation (UAE) with surgical treatment in patients with symptomatic uterine fibroids (REST trial): 5-year results. BJOG 118:936–944CrossRefPubMed
19.
Zurück zum Zitat Naguib NN, Nour-Eldin NE, Lehnert T et al (2009) Uterine artery embolization: optimization with preprocedural prediction of the best tube angle obliquity by using 3D-reconstructed contrast-enhanced MR angiography. Radiology 251:788–795CrossRefPubMed Naguib NN, Nour-Eldin NE, Lehnert T et al (2009) Uterine artery embolization: optimization with preprocedural prediction of the best tube angle obliquity by using 3D-reconstructed contrast-enhanced MR angiography. Radiology 251:788–795CrossRefPubMed
20.
Zurück zum Zitat Olufowobi O, Sharif K, Papaionnou S et al (2004) Are the anticipated benefits of myomectomy achieved in women of reproductive age? A 5-year review of the results at a UK tertiary hospital. J Obstet Gynaecol 24:434–440CrossRefPubMed Olufowobi O, Sharif K, Papaionnou S et al (2004) Are the anticipated benefits of myomectomy achieved in women of reproductive age? A 5-year review of the results at a UK tertiary hospital. J Obstet Gynaecol 24:434–440CrossRefPubMed
21.
Zurück zum Zitat Scheurig-Muenkler C, Koesters C, Powerski MJ et al (2013) Clinical long-term outcome after uterine artery embolization: sustained symptom control and improvement of quality of life. J Vasc Interv Radiol 24:765–771CrossRefPubMed Scheurig-Muenkler C, Koesters C, Powerski MJ et al (2013) Clinical long-term outcome after uterine artery embolization: sustained symptom control and improvement of quality of life. J Vasc Interv Radiol 24:765–771CrossRefPubMed
22.
Zurück zum Zitat Siskin GP, Beck A, Schuster M et al (2008) Leiomyoma infarction after uterine artery embolization: a prospective randomized study comparing tris-acryl gelatin microspheres versus polyvinyl alcohol microspheres. J Vasc Interv Radiol 19:58–65CrossRefPubMed Siskin GP, Beck A, Schuster M et al (2008) Leiomyoma infarction after uterine artery embolization: a prospective randomized study comparing tris-acryl gelatin microspheres versus polyvinyl alcohol microspheres. J Vasc Interv Radiol 19:58–65CrossRefPubMed
23.
Zurück zum Zitat Spies JB (2009) What evidence should we demand before accepting a new embolic material for uterine artery embolization? J Vasc Interv Radiol 20:567–570CrossRefPubMed Spies JB (2009) What evidence should we demand before accepting a new embolic material for uterine artery embolization? J Vasc Interv Radiol 20:567–570CrossRefPubMed
24.
Zurück zum Zitat Spies JB, Allison S, Flick P et al (2004) Polyvinyl alcohol particles and tris-acryl gelatin microspheres for uterine artery embolization for leiomyomas: results of a randomized comparative study. J Vasc Interv Radiol 15:793–800CrossRefPubMed Spies JB, Allison S, Flick P et al (2004) Polyvinyl alcohol particles and tris-acryl gelatin microspheres for uterine artery embolization for leiomyomas: results of a randomized comparative study. J Vasc Interv Radiol 15:793–800CrossRefPubMed
25.
Zurück zum Zitat Toor SS, Jaberi A, MacDonald DB et al (2012) Complication rates and effectiveness of uterine artery embolization in the treatment of symptomatic leiomyomas: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Am J Roentgenol 199:1153–1163CrossRef Toor SS, Jaberi A, MacDonald DB et al (2012) Complication rates and effectiveness of uterine artery embolization in the treatment of symptomatic leiomyomas: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Am J Roentgenol 199:1153–1163CrossRef
26.
Zurück zum Zitat Van der Kooij SM, Hehenkamp WJ, Volkers NA et al (2012) Uterine artery embolization vs hysterectomy in the treatment of symptomatic uterine fibroids: 5-year outcome from the randomized EMMY trial. Am J Obstet Gynecol 203:105.e101–e113 Van der Kooij SM, Hehenkamp WJ, Volkers NA et al (2012) Uterine artery embolization vs hysterectomy in the treatment of symptomatic uterine fibroids: 5-year outcome from the randomized EMMY trial. Am J Obstet Gynecol 203:105.e101–e113
27.
Zurück zum Zitat Wallach EE, Vlahos NF (2004) Uterine myomas: an overview of development, clinical features, and management. Obstet Gynecol 104:393–406CrossRefPubMed Wallach EE, Vlahos NF (2004) Uterine myomas: an overview of development, clinical features, and management. Obstet Gynecol 104:393–406CrossRefPubMed
28.
Zurück zum Zitat Yamashita Y, Torashima M, Takahashi M et al (1993) Hyperintense uterine leiomyoma at T2-weighted MR imaging: differentiation with dynamic enhanced MR imaging and clinical implications. Radiology 189:721–725CrossRefPubMed Yamashita Y, Torashima M, Takahashi M et al (1993) Hyperintense uterine leiomyoma at T2-weighted MR imaging: differentiation with dynamic enhanced MR imaging and clinical implications. Radiology 189:721–725CrossRefPubMed
Metadaten
Titel
Interventionell-radiologische Therapie des Uterusmyoms durch Embolisation
verfasst von
PD Dr. Jan Peter Goltz, EBIR
Publikationsdatum
01.10.2015
Verlag
Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Erschienen in
Gynäkologische Endokrinologie / Ausgabe 4/2015
Print ISSN: 1610-2894
Elektronische ISSN: 1610-2908
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10304-015-0019-1

Weitere Artikel der Ausgabe 4/2015

Gynäkologische Endokrinologie 4/2015 Zur Ausgabe

Einführung zum Thema

Myomtherapie

Update Gynäkologie

Bestellen Sie unseren Fach-Newsletter und bleiben Sie gut informiert – ganz bequem per eMail.