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Erschienen in: Herz 1/2015

01.02.2015 | Schwerpunkt

Interventionelle Therapie von paroxysmalem Vorhofflimmern

Welche ist die beste Ablationsstrategie?

verfasst von: A. Sultan, J. Lüker, T. Plenge, Prof. Dr. D. Steven

Erschienen in: Herz | Ausgabe 1/2015

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Zusammenfassung

Vorhofflimmern (VHF) betrifft annährend 35 Mio. Menschen weltweit und ist mit schwerwiegenden Folgeschäden assoziiert. Neben den bekannten und gleichermaßen limitierten medikamentösen Behandlungsoptionen hat sich die Katheterablation als sichere und effektive interventionelle Therapieoption insbesondere bei paroxysmalem VHF etabliert. Die Pulmonalvenen (PV) sind als Ursprungsort von paroxysmalem VHF gut verstanden. Durch deren elektrische Isolation können heute unter Berücksichtigung möglicher Folgeprozeduren hohe Erfolgsraten von etwa 80% erzielt werden; eine Optimierung der Prozedur- und Verfahrenstechniken und die Anlage einer weit im linken Vorhof geführten Ablationslinie haben dazu beigetragen. Verschiedene Techniken stehen für die elektrische Isolation der PV zur Verfügung. Hierzu gehören die Ablation mittels Hochfrequenzstrom, die Verwendung von Kälte (Kryoenergie) und die Applikation von gebündeltem Licht (Laser), um die Isolation der PV zur erreichen. Bei den Ballonkathetern ist die Ablation mittels Kryoenergie derzeit das am weitesten verbreitete Verfahren. In Bezug auf die Hochfrequenzablation haben sich in den letzten Jahren moderne Kathetertechniken und zusätzliche technische Verfahren etabliert, um möglichst hohe Erfolgsraten bei möglichst geringen Komplikationen zu erreichen. Dieser Artikel soll einen Überblick über die rasante Entwicklung in diesem Bereich und einen Hinweis geben, welche technischen Verfahren heute Verwendung finden und welche Kombination die vielversprechendste für eine dauerhaft erfolgreiche Isolation der PV zur Behandlung des paroxysmalen VHF ist.
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Metadaten
Titel
Interventionelle Therapie von paroxysmalem Vorhofflimmern
Welche ist die beste Ablationsstrategie?
verfasst von
A. Sultan
J. Lüker
T. Plenge
Prof. Dr. D. Steven
Publikationsdatum
01.02.2015
Verlag
Urban & Vogel
Erschienen in
Herz / Ausgabe 1/2015
Print ISSN: 0340-9937
Elektronische ISSN: 1615-6692
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00059-014-4195-x

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