Skip to main content
Erschienen in: NeuroTransmitter 7-8/2015

12.08.2015 | Fortbildung

Neurologische Kasuistik

Ist die Schilddrüse wirklich schuld?

verfasst von: Dr. med. Peter Franz

Erschienen in: NeuroTransmitter | Ausgabe 7-8/2015

Einloggen, um Zugang zu erhalten

Auszug

Eine 44-jährige Frau klagt bei der Erstvorstellung über ein distal betontes Taubheitsgefühl an den Beinen und ein Schwächegefühl, das sich über ein Jahr entwickelt hätte. Zudem seien ihr eine monokuläre Verschlechterung des Sehens links und seit sechs Monaten zunehmende Parästhesien an der linken Wange aufgefallen, die sich auf den linken Schulterbereich ausdehnen. Wechselnd bemerke sie ein Taubheitsgefühl der Finger III bis V rechts mit einer Kraftminderung im Arm. …
Literatur
1.
Zurück zum Zitat Brain L, Jellinek EH, Ball K. Hashimoto’s disease and encephalopathy. Lancet 2: 512–514, 1966PubMed Brain L, Jellinek EH, Ball K. Hashimoto’s disease and encephalopathy. Lancet 2: 512–514, 1966PubMed
2.
Zurück zum Zitat Trush DC, Boddie HG. Episodic encephalopathy associated with thyroid disorders. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 37: 696–700, 1974 Trush DC, Boddie HG. Episodic encephalopathy associated with thyroid disorders. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 37: 696–700, 1974
3.
Zurück zum Zitat McConnell RJ, Menendez CE, Smith FR, et al. Defects of taste and smell in patients with hypothyroidism. Am J Med 59: 354–364, 1975PubMed McConnell RJ, Menendez CE, Smith FR, et al. Defects of taste and smell in patients with hypothyroidism. Am J Med 59: 354–364, 1975PubMed
4.
Zurück zum Zitat Maeda K, Tanimoto K. Epileptic seizures induced by thyrotropin releasing hormone. Lancet I: 1058–1059, 1981 Maeda K, Tanimoto K. Epileptic seizures induced by thyrotropin releasing hormone. Lancet I: 1058–1059, 1981
5.
Zurück zum Zitat Shaw PJ, Walls TJ, Newman PK, et al. Hashimoto’s encephalopathy: a steroid-responsive disorder associated with high anti-thyroid antibody titers: report of 5 cases. Neurology 41: 228–233, 1991PubMed Shaw PJ, Walls TJ, Newman PK, et al. Hashimoto’s encephalopathy: a steroid-responsive disorder associated with high anti-thyroid antibody titers: report of 5 cases. Neurology 41: 228–233, 1991PubMed
6.
Zurück zum Zitat Brent GA. The molecular basis of thyroid hormone action. N Engl J Med 331: 847–853, 1994PubMed Brent GA. The molecular basis of thyroid hormone action. N Engl J Med 331: 847–853, 1994PubMed
7.
Zurück zum Zitat Katyare SS, Bangur CS, Howland JL. Is respiratory activity in the brain mitochondria rsponsive to thyroid hormone action? A critical re-evaluation. Biochem J 302: 857–860, 1994PubMedCentralPubMed Katyare SS, Bangur CS, Howland JL. Is respiratory activity in the brain mitochondria rsponsive to thyroid hormone action? A critical re-evaluation. Biochem J 302: 857–860, 1994PubMedCentralPubMed
8.
Zurück zum Zitat Henchey R, Cibula J, Helveston W, et al. Electroencephalographic findings in Hashimoto’s encephalopathy. Neurology 45: 977–981, 1995PubMed Henchey R, Cibula J, Helveston W, et al. Electroencephalographic findings in Hashimoto’s encephalopathy. Neurology 45: 977–981, 1995PubMed
9.
Zurück zum Zitat Ishii K, Hayashi A, Tamaoka A, et al. Case report: thytotropin-releasing hormone-induced myoclonus and tremor in a patient with Hashimoto`s encephalopathy. Am J Med Sci 310: 202–205, 1995PubMed Ishii K, Hayashi A, Tamaoka A, et al. Case report: thytotropin-releasing hormone-induced myoclonus and tremor in a patient with Hashimoto`s encephalopathy. Am J Med Sci 310: 202–205, 1995PubMed
10.
Zurück zum Zitat Barker R, Zajicek J, Wilkinson I. Thyrotoxic Hashimoto’s encephalopathy. J Neurol Neuro-surg Psychiatry 60: 234, 1996 Barker R, Zajicek J, Wilkinson I. Thyrotoxic Hashimoto’s encephalopathy. J Neurol Neuro-surg Psychiatry 60: 234, 1996
11.
Zurück zum Zitat Dayan C, Daniels GH. Chronic autoimmune thyroiditis. N Engl J Med 335: 99–107, 1996PubMed Dayan C, Daniels GH. Chronic autoimmune thyroiditis. N Engl J Med 335: 99–107, 1996PubMed
12.
Zurück zum Zitat Ghika-Schmid F, Gihka J, Regli F, et al. Hashimoto’s myoclonic encephalopathy: an un-derdiagnosed treatable condition? Mov Disord 11: 555–562, 1996PubMed Ghika-Schmid F, Gihka J, Regli F, et al. Hashimoto’s myoclonic encephalopathy: an un-derdiagnosed treatable condition? Mov Disord 11: 555–562, 1996PubMed
13.
Zurück zum Zitat Kothbauer-Margreiter I, Sturzenegger M, Komor J, et al. Encephalopathy associated with Hashimoto thyroiditis: diagnosis and treatment. J Neurol 243: 585–593, 1996PubMed Kothbauer-Margreiter I, Sturzenegger M, Komor J, et al. Encephalopathy associated with Hashimoto thyroiditis: diagnosis and treatment. J Neurol 243: 585–593, 1996PubMed
14.
Zurück zum Zitat Manto M, Goldman S, Bodur H. Cerebellar syndrome associated with Hashimoto’s en-cephalopathy. Rev Neurol 152: 202–204, 1996PubMed Manto M, Goldman S, Bodur H. Cerebellar syndrome associated with Hashimoto’s en-cephalopathy. Rev Neurol 152: 202–204, 1996PubMed
15.
Zurück zum Zitat Bohnen NI, Parnell KJ, and Harper CM. Reversible MRI findings in a patient with Hash-imoto’s encephalopathy. Neurology 49: 246–247, 1997PubMed Bohnen NI, Parnell KJ, and Harper CM. Reversible MRI findings in a patient with Hash-imoto’s encephalopathy. Neurology 49: 246–247, 1997PubMed
16.
Zurück zum Zitat Hop JW, Frijns CJM, and van Gijn J. Psychogenic pseudoptosis. J Neurol 244: 623–624, 1997PubMed Hop JW, Frijns CJM, and van Gijn J. Psychogenic pseudoptosis. J Neurol 244: 623–624, 1997PubMed
17.
Zurück zum Zitat Munoz A, Bernal J, Biological activities of thyroid hormone receptors. Eur J Endocrinol 137: 433–445, 1997PubMed Munoz A, Bernal J, Biological activities of thyroid hormone receptors. Eur J Endocrinol 137: 433–445, 1997PubMed
18.
Zurück zum Zitat Tu HM, Kim SW, Salvatore D, et al. Regional distribution of type 2 thyroxine deiodinase messenger ribonucleic acid in rat hypothalamus and pituitary and its regulation by thyroid hormone. Endocrinology 138: 3359–3368, 1997PubMed Tu HM, Kim SW, Salvatore D, et al. Regional distribution of type 2 thyroxine deiodinase messenger ribonucleic acid in rat hypothalamus and pituitary and its regulation by thyroid hormone. Endocrinology 138: 3359–3368, 1997PubMed
19.
Zurück zum Zitat Guadano-Ferraz A, Escamez MJ, Rausell E, et al. Expression of type 2 iodothyronine de-iodinase in hypothyroid rat brain indicates an important role of thyroid hormone in the de-velopment of specific primary sensory systems. J Neurosci 19: 3430–3439, 1999PubMed Guadano-Ferraz A, Escamez MJ, Rausell E, et al. Expression of type 2 iodothyronine de-iodinase in hypothyroid rat brain indicates an important role of thyroid hormone in the de-velopment of specific primary sensory systems. J Neurosci 19: 3430–3439, 1999PubMed
20.
Zurück zum Zitat Seipelt M, Zerr I, Nau R, et al. Hashimoto’s encephalitis as a differential diagnosis of Creutzfeld-Jakob disease. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 66: 172–176, 1999PubMedCentralPubMed Seipelt M, Zerr I, Nau R, et al. Hashimoto’s encephalitis as a differential diagnosis of Creutzfeld-Jakob disease. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 66: 172–176, 1999PubMedCentralPubMed
21.
Zurück zum Zitat Peschem-Rosin R, Schabet M, Dichgans J. Manifestation of Hashimoto’s encephalopathy years before onset of thyroid disease. Eur Neurol 41: 79–84, 1999 Peschem-Rosin R, Schabet M, Dichgans J. Manifestation of Hashimoto’s encephalopathy years before onset of thyroid disease. Eur Neurol 41: 79–84, 1999
22.
Zurück zum Zitat Canton A, de Fabregas O, Tintore M, et al. Encephalopathy associated to autoimmune thyroid disease: a more appropriate term for an underestimated condition? J Neurol Sci 176: 65–69, 2000PubMed Canton A, de Fabregas O, Tintore M, et al. Encephalopathy associated to autoimmune thyroid disease: a more appropriate term for an underestimated condition? J Neurol Sci 176: 65–69, 2000PubMed
23.
Zurück zum Zitat Gharami K, Das S. Thyroid hormone-induced morphological differentiation and maturation of astrocytes are mediated through the beta-adrenergic receptor. J Neurochem 75: 1962–1969, 2000PubMed Gharami K, Das S. Thyroid hormone-induced morphological differentiation and maturation of astrocytes are mediated through the beta-adrenergic receptor. J Neurochem 75: 1962–1969, 2000PubMed
24.
Zurück zum Zitat Hartmann M, Schaner B, Scheglmann K, et al. Hashimoto-Enzephalopathie. Stereoid-sensitive Enzepahlopathie bei Hashimoto-Thyreoiditis. Nervenarzt 71: 489–494, 2000PubMed Hartmann M, Schaner B, Scheglmann K, et al. Hashimoto-Enzephalopathie. Stereoid-sensitive Enzepahlopathie bei Hashimoto-Thyreoiditis. Nervenarzt 71: 489–494, 2000PubMed
25.
Zurück zum Zitat Morreale de Escobar G, Obregon MJ, Escobar de Rey F. Is neuropsychological develop-ment related to maternal hypothyroidism or to maternal hypothyroxinemiä J Clin Endocri-nol Metab 85: 3975–3987, 2000 Morreale de Escobar G, Obregon MJ, Escobar de Rey F. Is neuropsychological develop-ment related to maternal hypothyroidism or to maternal hypothyroxinemiä J Clin Endocri-nol Metab 85: 3975–3987, 2000
26.
Zurück zum Zitat Querol Pascual MR, Aquirre Sanchez JJ, Velicia Mata MR, et al. Hashimoto’s encephalo-pathy: a new case with spontaneous remission. Neurologia 15: 313–316, 2000PubMed Querol Pascual MR, Aquirre Sanchez JJ, Velicia Mata MR, et al. Hashimoto’s encephalo-pathy: a new case with spontaneous remission. Neurologia 15: 313–316, 2000PubMed
27.
Zurück zum Zitat Tomer Y. Unilateral ophthalmopathy in a patient with Hashimoto’s thyroiditis. Thyroid 10: 99–100, 2000PubMed Tomer Y. Unilateral ophthalmopathy in a patient with Hashimoto’s thyroiditis. Thyroid 10: 99–100, 2000PubMed
28.
Zurück zum Zitat Weiner SM, Klein R, Berg PA. A longitudinal study of autoantibodies against central nerv-ous system tissue and gangliosides in connective tissue disease. Rheumatol Int 19: 83–88, 2000PubMed Weiner SM, Klein R, Berg PA. A longitudinal study of autoantibodies against central nerv-ous system tissue and gangliosides in connective tissue disease. Rheumatol Int 19: 83–88, 2000PubMed
29.
Zurück zum Zitat Berbel P, Auso E, Garcia-Velasco JV, et al. Role of thyroid hormones in the maturation and organization of rat barrel cortex. Neuroscience 107: 383–394, 2001PubMed Berbel P, Auso E, Garcia-Velasco JV, et al. Role of thyroid hormones in the maturation and organization of rat barrel cortex. Neuroscience 107: 383–394, 2001PubMed
30.
Zurück zum Zitat Lima FR, Gervais A, Colin C, et al. Regulation of microglial development: A novel role for thyroid hormone. J Neurosci 21: 2028–2038, 2001PubMed Lima FR, Gervais A, Colin C, et al. Regulation of microglial development: A novel role for thyroid hormone. J Neurosci 21: 2028–2038, 2001PubMed
31.
Zurück zum Zitat Berio A, Paizzi A. A case of Kearns-Syre syndrome with autoimmune thyroiditis and pos-sible Hashimoto encephalopathy. Panminerva Med 44: 265–269, 2002PubMed Berio A, Paizzi A. A case of Kearns-Syre syndrome with autoimmune thyroiditis and pos-sible Hashimoto encephalopathy. Panminerva Med 44: 265–269, 2002PubMed
32.
Zurück zum Zitat Bernal J. Action of thyroid hormone in brain. J Endocrinol Invest 25: 268–288, 2002 Bernal J. Action of thyroid hormone in brain. J Endocrinol Invest 25: 268–288, 2002
33.
Zurück zum Zitat Erickson JC, Carrasco H, Grimes JB, et al. Palatal tremor and myorhythmia in Hashimo-to’s encephalopathy. Neurology 58: 504–505, 2002PubMed Erickson JC, Carrasco H, Grimes JB, et al. Palatal tremor and myorhythmia in Hashimo-to’s encephalopathy. Neurology 58: 504–505, 2002PubMed
34.
Zurück zum Zitat Hollowell JG, Staehling NW, Falnders WD, et al. Serum TSH, T(4), and thyroid antibodies in the United States population (1988 to 1994): National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES III), J Clin Endocrinol Metab 87: 489–499, 2002PubMed Hollowell JG, Staehling NW, Falnders WD, et al. Serum TSH, T(4), and thyroid antibodies in the United States population (1988 to 1994): National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES III), J Clin Endocrinol Metab 87: 489–499, 2002PubMed
35.
Zurück zum Zitat Ochi H, Horiuchi I, Araki N, et al. Proteomic analysis of human brain identifies α-enolase as a novel autoantigen in Hashimoto’s encephalopathy. FEBS Lett 528: 197–202, 2002PubMed Ochi H, Horiuchi I, Araki N, et al. Proteomic analysis of human brain identifies α-enolase as a novel autoantigen in Hashimoto’s encephalopathy. FEBS Lett 528: 197–202, 2002PubMed
36.
Zurück zum Zitat Sawka A, Fatourechi V, Boeve B, et al. Rarity of encephalopathy associated with autoim-mune thyroiditis: a case series from Mayo Clinic from 1950 to 1996. Thyroid 12: 393–398, 2002PubMed Sawka A, Fatourechi V, Boeve B, et al. Rarity of encephalopathy associated with autoim-mune thyroiditis: a case series from Mayo Clinic from 1950 to 1996. Thyroid 12: 393–398, 2002PubMed
37.
Zurück zum Zitat Taurin G, Golfier V, Pinel JF, et al. Choreic syndrome due to Hashimoto’s encephalopathy. Mov Disord 17: 1091–1092, 2002PubMed Taurin G, Golfier V, Pinel JF, et al. Choreic syndrome due to Hashimoto’s encephalopathy. Mov Disord 17: 1091–1092, 2002PubMed
38.
Zurück zum Zitat Bernal J, Guadano-Ferraz A, Morte B. Perspectives in the study of thyroid hormone action on brain development and function. Thyroid 13: 1005–1012, 2003PubMed Bernal J, Guadano-Ferraz A, Morte B. Perspectives in the study of thyroid hormone action on brain development and function. Thyroid 13: 1005–1012, 2003PubMed
39.
Zurück zum Zitat Chong JY, Rowland LP, Utinger RD. Hashimoto encephalopathy: syndrome or myth? Arch Neurol 60: 164–171, 2003PubMed Chong JY, Rowland LP, Utinger RD. Hashimoto encephalopathy: syndrome or myth? Arch Neurol 60: 164–171, 2003PubMed
40.
Zurück zum Zitat Duffey P, Yee S, Reid IN, et al. Hashimoto’s encephalopathy: postmortem findings after fatal status epilepticus. Neurology 61: 1124–1126, 2003PubMed Duffey P, Yee S, Reid IN, et al. Hashimoto’s encephalopathy: postmortem findings after fatal status epilepticus. Neurology 61: 1124–1126, 2003PubMed
41.
Zurück zum Zitat Paulus W, Nolte KW. Neuropathology of Hashimoto’s encephalopathy. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 74: 1009, author reply 1009, 2003PubMedCentralPubMed Paulus W, Nolte KW. Neuropathology of Hashimoto’s encephalopathy. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 74: 1009, author reply 1009, 2003PubMedCentralPubMed
42.
Zurück zum Zitat Song YM, Seo DW, and Chang GY. MR findings in Hashimoto encephalopathy. Am J Neuroradiol 25: 807–808, 2004PubMed Song YM, Seo DW, and Chang GY. MR findings in Hashimoto encephalopathy. Am J Neuroradiol 25: 807–808, 2004PubMed
43.
Zurück zum Zitat Fatourechi V. Hashimoto’s encephalopathy: myth or reality? An endocrinologist’s perspec-tive. Bes Pract Res Clin Endocrinol Metabol 19: 53–66, 2005 Fatourechi V. Hashimoto’s encephalopathy: myth or reality? An endocrinologist’s perspec-tive. Bes Pract Res Clin Endocrinol Metabol 19: 53–66, 2005
44.
Zurück zum Zitat Chaudhuri A, Behan PO. Hashimoto’s encephalopathy: a relapsing form of acute dissemi-nated encephalomyelitis. J Neurol Sci 235: 75–76, 2005PubMed Chaudhuri A, Behan PO. Hashimoto’s encephalopathy: a relapsing form of acute dissemi-nated encephalomyelitis. J Neurol Sci 235: 75–76, 2005PubMed
45.
Zurück zum Zitat Jacob S, Rajabally YA. Hashimoto’s encephalopathy: steroid resistence and response to intravenous immunoglobulins. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 76: 455–456, 2005PubMedCentralPubMed Jacob S, Rajabally YA. Hashimoto’s encephalopathy: steroid resistence and response to intravenous immunoglobulins. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 76: 455–456, 2005PubMedCentralPubMed
46.
Zurück zum Zitat Mahad DJ, Staugaitis S, Ruggieri P, et al. Steroid-responsive encephalopathy associated with autoimmune thyroiditis and primary CNS demyelination. J Neurol Sci 228: 3–5, 2005 Mahad DJ, Staugaitis S, Ruggieri P, et al. Steroid-responsive encephalopathy associated with autoimmune thyroiditis and primary CNS demyelination. J Neurol Sci 228: 3–5, 2005
47.
Zurück zum Zitat Mussig K, Bartels M, Gallwitz B, et al. Hashimoto’s encephalopathy presenting with bipolar affective disorder. Bipolar Disord 7: 292–297, 2005PubMed Mussig K, Bartels M, Gallwitz B, et al. Hashimoto’s encephalopathy presenting with bipolar affective disorder. Bipolar Disord 7: 292–297, 2005PubMed
48.
Zurück zum Zitat Castillo P, Woodruff B, Caselli R, et al. Steroid-responsive encephalopathy associated with autoimmune thyroiditis. Arch Neurol 63: 197–202, 2006PubMed Castillo P, Woodruff B, Caselli R, et al. Steroid-responsive encephalopathy associated with autoimmune thyroiditis. Arch Neurol 63: 197–202, 2006PubMed
49.
Zurück zum Zitat Ferracci F, Carnevale A. The neurological disorder assiciated with thyroid autoimmunity. J Neurol 253: 975–984, 2006 Ferracci F, Carnevale A. The neurological disorder assiciated with thyroid autoimmunity. J Neurol 253: 975–984, 2006
50.
Zurück zum Zitat Marshall GA, Doyle JJ. Long-term treatment of Hashimoto’s encephalopathy. J Neuropsy-chiatry Clin Neurosci 18: 14–20, 2006 Marshall GA, Doyle JJ. Long-term treatment of Hashimoto’s encephalopathy. J Neuropsy-chiatry Clin Neurosci 18: 14–20, 2006
51.
Zurück zum Zitat Rodriguez AJ, Jicha GA, Steeves TD, et al. EEG changes in a patient with steroid-responsive encephalopathy associated with anti-bodies to thyroperoxidase (SREAT, Hashimoto’s Encephalopathy). J Clin Neurophysiol 23: 371–373, 2006PubMed Rodriguez AJ, Jicha GA, Steeves TD, et al. EEG changes in a patient with steroid-responsive encephalopathy associated with anti-bodies to thyroperoxidase (SREAT, Hashimoto’s Encephalopathy). J Clin Neurophysiol 23: 371–373, 2006PubMed
52.
Zurück zum Zitat Blanchin S, Coffin C, Viader F, et al. Anti-thyroperoxidase antibodies from patients with Hashimoto’s encephalopathy bind to cerebellar astrocytes. J Neuroimmunol 192: 13–20, 2007PubMed Blanchin S, Coffin C, Viader F, et al. Anti-thyroperoxidase antibodies from patients with Hashimoto’s encephalopathy bind to cerebellar astrocytes. J Neuroimmunol 192: 13–20, 2007PubMed
53.
Zurück zum Zitat Chan DW, Lim CC, Tay SK, et al. Elevated thyroid peroxidase antibodies with encephalo-pathy in MELAS syndrome. Pediatr Neurol 36: 414–417, 2007PubMed Chan DW, Lim CC, Tay SK, et al. Elevated thyroid peroxidase antibodies with encephalo-pathy in MELAS syndrome. Pediatr Neurol 36: 414–417, 2007PubMed
54.
Zurück zum Zitat Mocellin R, Walterfang M, and Velakoulis D. Hashimoto’s Encephalopathy. Epidemiology, pathogenesis and management. CNS Drugs 21: 799–811, 2007PubMed Mocellin R, Walterfang M, and Velakoulis D. Hashimoto’s Encephalopathy. Epidemiology, pathogenesis and management. CNS Drugs 21: 799–811, 2007PubMed
55.
Zurück zum Zitat Yucevar N, Karadeniz M, Erdogan M, et al. Thyrotoxic autoimmune encephalopath in a female patient: only partial response to typical immunosuppressant treatment and remis-sion after thyroidectomy. Clin Neurol Neurosurg 109: 458–462, 2007 Yucevar N, Karadeniz M, Erdogan M, et al. Thyrotoxic autoimmune encephalopath in a female patient: only partial response to typical immunosuppressant treatment and remis-sion after thyroidectomy. Clin Neurol Neurosurg 109: 458–462, 2007
56.
Zurück zum Zitat Gini B, Lovato L, Laura L, et al. Novel autoantigens recognized by CSF IgG from Hash-imoto’s encephalitis revealed by a proteomic approach. J Neuroimmunol 196: 153–158, 2008PubMed Gini B, Lovato L, Laura L, et al. Novel autoantigens recognized by CSF IgG from Hash-imoto’s encephalitis revealed by a proteomic approach. J Neuroimmunol 196: 153–158, 2008PubMed
57.
Zurück zum Zitat Schiess N, Pardo CA. Hashimoto’s encephalopathy. Ann N Y Acad Sci 1142: 254–265, 2008PubMed Schiess N, Pardo CA. Hashimoto’s encephalopathy. Ann N Y Acad Sci 1142: 254–265, 2008PubMed
58.
Zurück zum Zitat Schmidt M, Voell M, Rahiff I, et al. Long-term follow-up of antithyroid peroxidase antibod-ies in patients with chronic autoimmune thyroiditis (Hashimoto’s thyroiditis) treated with levothyroxine. Thyroid 18: 755–760, 2008PubMed Schmidt M, Voell M, Rahiff I, et al. Long-term follow-up of antithyroid peroxidase antibod-ies in patients with chronic autoimmune thyroiditis (Hashimoto’s thyroiditis) treated with levothyroxine. Thyroid 18: 755–760, 2008PubMed
59.
Zurück zum Zitat Servettaz A, Guilpain P, Tamas N, et al. Natural anti-endothelial cell antibodies. Autoim-mun Rev 7: 426–430, 2008 Servettaz A, Guilpain P, Tamas N, et al. Natural anti-endothelial cell antibodies. Autoim-mun Rev 7: 426–430, 2008
60.
Zurück zum Zitat Bauer M. Silverman DH, Schlagenhauf F, et al. Brain glucose metabolism in hypothyroid-ism: a positron emission tomography study before and after thyroid hormone replacement therapy. J Clin Endocrinol Meta 94: 2922–2929, 2009 Bauer M. Silverman DH, Schlagenhauf F, et al. Brain glucose metabolism in hypothyroid-ism: a positron emission tomography study before and after thyroid hormone replacement therapy. J Clin Endocrinol Meta 94: 2922–2929, 2009
61.
Zurück zum Zitat Dickson A, Toft A, O’Carroll RE. Neuropsychological functioning, illness perception, mood and quality of life in chronic fatigue syndrome, autoimmune thyroid disease and healthy participants. Pschol Med 39: 1567–1576, 2009 Dickson A, Toft A, O’Carroll RE. Neuropsychological functioning, illness perception, mood and quality of life in chronic fatigue syndrome, autoimmune thyroid disease and healthy participants. Pschol Med 39: 1567–1576, 2009
62.
Zurück zum Zitat Müssig K, Levhe T, Holzmüller S, et al. Increased prevalence of antibodies to central nervous system tissue and gangliosides in Hashimoto`s thyroiditis compared to other thy-roid illnesses. Psychoneuroendocrinology 34: 1252–1256, 2009PubMed Müssig K, Levhe T, Holzmüller S, et al. Increased prevalence of antibodies to central nervous system tissue and gangliosides in Hashimoto`s thyroiditis compared to other thy-roid illnesses. Psychoneuroendocrinology 34: 1252–1256, 2009PubMed
63.
Zurück zum Zitat Panicker V, Saravanan P, Vaidya B, et al. Common variation in the DIO2 gene predicts baseline psychological well being and response to combination thyroxine plus triiodothy-ronine therapy in hypothyroid patients. J Clin Endocrinol Meta 94: 1623–1629, 2009 Panicker V, Saravanan P, Vaidya B, et al. Common variation in the DIO2 gene predicts baseline psychological well being and response to combination thyroxine plus triiodothy-ronine therapy in hypothyroid patients. J Clin Endocrinol Meta 94: 1623–1629, 2009
64.
Zurück zum Zitat Stone J. The bare essentials: Functional symptoms in neurology. Pract Neurol 9: 179–189, 2009PubMed Stone J. The bare essentials: Functional symptoms in neurology. Pract Neurol 9: 179–189, 2009PubMed
65.
Zurück zum Zitat Chang T, Riffsy MT, and Gunaratne PS. Hashimoto encephalopathy: clinical and MRI im-provement following high-dose corticosteroid therapy. Neurologist 16: 394–396, 2010PubMed Chang T, Riffsy MT, and Gunaratne PS. Hashimoto encephalopathy: clinical and MRI im-provement following high-dose corticosteroid therapy. Neurologist 16: 394–396, 2010PubMed
66.
Zurück zum Zitat Flanagan EP, McKeon A, Lennon VA, et al. Autoimmune dementia: clinical course and predictors of immunotherapy response. Mayo Clin Proc 85: 881–897, 2010PubMedCentralPubMed Flanagan EP, McKeon A, Lennon VA, et al. Autoimmune dementia: clinical course and predictors of immunotherapy response. Mayo Clin Proc 85: 881–897, 2010PubMedCentralPubMed
67.
Zurück zum Zitat Granerod J, Ambrose HE, Davies NW, et al. Causes of encephalitis and differences in their clinical presentations in England: a multicentre, populations-based prospective study. Lancet Infect Dis 10: 835–844, 2010PubMed Granerod J, Ambrose HE, Davies NW, et al. Causes of encephalitis and differences in their clinical presentations in England: a multicentre, populations-based prospective study. Lancet Infect Dis 10: 835–844, 2010PubMed
68.
Zurück zum Zitat Koromilas C, Liapi C, Schulpis KH, et al. Structural and functional alterations in the hippo-campus due to hypothyroidism. Metab Brain Dis 25: 339–354, 2010PubMed Koromilas C, Liapi C, Schulpis KH, et al. Structural and functional alterations in the hippo-campus due to hypothyroidism. Metab Brain Dis 25: 339–354, 2010PubMed
69.
Zurück zum Zitat Mijjajlovic M, Mirkovic M, Dackovic J, et al. Clinical manifestations, diagnostic criteria and therapy of Hashimoto’s encephalopathy: report of two cases. J Neurol Sci 288: 194–196, 2010 Mijjajlovic M, Mirkovic M, Dackovic J, et al. Clinical manifestations, diagnostic criteria and therapy of Hashimoto’s encephalopathy: report of two cases. J Neurol Sci 288: 194–196, 2010
70.
Zurück zum Zitat Nayak HK, Daga MK, Kumar R, et al. A series report of autoimmune hypothyroidism as-sociated with Hashimoto’s encephalopathy: an underdiagnosed clinical entity with good prognosis. BMJ Case Rep pii: bcr0120102630. doi: 10.1136/bcr.01.2010.2630, 2010 Nayak HK, Daga MK, Kumar R, et al. A series report of autoimmune hypothyroidism as-sociated with Hashimoto’s encephalopathy: an underdiagnosed clinical entity with good prognosis. BMJ Case Rep pii: bcr0120102630. doi: 10.1136/bcr.01.2010.2630, 2010
71.
Zurück zum Zitat Brix TH, Hegedüs L, Gardas A, et al. Monozygotic twin pairs discordant for Hashimoto’s thyroiditis share a high proportion of thyroid peroxidase autoantibodies to the immu-nodominant region A. Further evidence for genetic transmission of epitopic „fingerprints“. Autoimmunity 44: 188–194, 2011PubMed Brix TH, Hegedüs L, Gardas A, et al. Monozygotic twin pairs discordant for Hashimoto’s thyroiditis share a high proportion of thyroid peroxidase autoantibodies to the immu-nodominant region A. Further evidence for genetic transmission of epitopic „fingerprints“. Autoimmunity 44: 188–194, 2011PubMed
72.
Zurück zum Zitat Erol I, Saygi S, Alehan F. Hashimoto’s encephalopathy in children and adolescents. Pedi-atr Neurol 45: 420–422, 2011 Erol I, Saygi S, Alehan F. Hashimoto’s encephalopathy in children and adolescents. Pedi-atr Neurol 45: 420–422, 2011
73.
Zurück zum Zitat Jayasekera B, McShane M, Roy P, et al. Why the confusion in Hashimoto’s encephalopa-thy? BMJ Case Reports doi:10.1136/bcr.03.2011.4020, 2011 Jayasekera B, McShane M, Roy P, et al. Why the confusion in Hashimoto’s encephalopa-thy? BMJ Case Reports doi:10.1136/bcr.03.2011.4020, 2011
74.
Zurück zum Zitat Lee SW, Stacy Donlon DO, Caplan JP. Steroid responsive encephalopathy associated with autoimmune thyroiditis (SREAT) or Hashimoto’s encephalopathy: a case and review. Psychosomatics 52: 99–108, 2011PubMed Lee SW, Stacy Donlon DO, Caplan JP. Steroid responsive encephalopathy associated with autoimmune thyroiditis (SREAT) or Hashimoto’s encephalopathy: a case and review. Psychosomatics 52: 99–108, 2011PubMed
75.
Zurück zum Zitat Li L, Zheng FP, Wang G, et al. Recurrent Hashimoto’s encephalopathy showing sponta-neous remission: a case report. Intern Med 50: 1309–1312, 2011PubMed Li L, Zheng FP, Wang G, et al. Recurrent Hashimoto’s encephalopathy showing sponta-neous remission: a case report. Intern Med 50: 1309–1312, 2011PubMed
76.
Zurück zum Zitat Rüegg S. Schilddrüse und Epilepsie. Epileptologie 28: 30–37, 2011 Rüegg S. Schilddrüse und Epilepsie. Epileptologie 28: 30–37, 2011
77.
Zurück zum Zitat Tateno F, Sakakibara R, Kishi M, et al. Hashimoto’s opthalmopathy. Am J Med Sci 342: 83–85, 2011PubMed Tateno F, Sakakibara R, Kishi M, et al. Hashimoto’s opthalmopathy. Am J Med Sci 342: 83–85, 2011PubMed
78.
Zurück zum Zitat Yoshihara A, Noh JY, Nakachi A, et al. Severe thyroid-associated orbitopathy in Hashimo-to’s thyroiditis. Report of 2 cases. Endocrine Journal 58: 343–348, 2011PubMed Yoshihara A, Noh JY, Nakachi A, et al. Severe thyroid-associated orbitopathy in Hashimo-to’s thyroiditis. Report of 2 cases. Endocrine Journal 58: 343–348, 2011PubMed
79.
Zurück zum Zitat Zhao W, Li J, Wang J, et al. A case of Hashimoto encephalopathy: clinical manifestation, imaging, pathology, treatment, and prognosis. Neurologist 17: 141–143, 2011PubMed Zhao W, Li J, Wang J, et al. A case of Hashimoto encephalopathy: clinical manifestation, imaging, pathology, treatment, and prognosis. Neurologist 17: 141–143, 2011PubMed
80.
Zurück zum Zitat Finsterer J, Höfberger R, Stöllberger C, et al. Mimicry between mitochondrial disorder and multiple sclerosis. Metab Brain Dis 27: 217–220, 2012PubMed Finsterer J, Höfberger R, Stöllberger C, et al. Mimicry between mitochondrial disorder and multiple sclerosis. Metab Brain Dis 27: 217–220, 2012PubMed
81.
Zurück zum Zitat Payer J, Petrovic T, Lisy L, et al. Hashimoto encephalopathy: A rare intricate syndrome. Int J Endocrinol Metab 10: 506–514, 2012PubMedCentralPubMed Payer J, Petrovic T, Lisy L, et al. Hashimoto encephalopathy: A rare intricate syndrome. Int J Endocrinol Metab 10: 506–514, 2012PubMedCentralPubMed
82.
Zurück zum Zitat Promberger R, Hermann M, Ott J. Hashimoto’s thyroiditis in patients with normal thyroid-stimulating hormone levels. Expert Rev Endocrinol Metab 7: 175–179, 2012 Promberger R, Hermann M, Ott J. Hashimoto’s thyroiditis in patients with normal thyroid-stimulating hormone levels. Expert Rev Endocrinol Metab 7: 175–179, 2012
83.
Zurück zum Zitat Saha S, Gupta RD, Mukherjee A, et al. Hashimoto’s encephalopathy presenting with mul-tiple cranial nerve palsies and hemiparesis: A case report. International Journal of Case Reports and Images 3: 31–35, 2012 Saha S, Gupta RD, Mukherjee A, et al. Hashimoto’s encephalopathy presenting with mul-tiple cranial nerve palsies and hemiparesis: A case report. International Journal of Case Reports and Images 3: 31–35, 2012
84.
Zurück zum Zitat Salazar R, Mehta C, Zaher N, et al. Opsoclonus as a manifestation of Hashimoto’s en-cephalopathy. J Clin Neurosci 19: 1465–1466, 2012PubMed Salazar R, Mehta C, Zaher N, et al. Opsoclonus as a manifestation of Hashimoto’s en-cephalopathy. J Clin Neurosci 19: 1465–1466, 2012PubMed
85.
Zurück zum Zitat Warner A, Mittag J. Thyroid hormone and the central control of homeostasis. J Mol En-docrinol 49: R29–35, 2012 Warner A, Mittag J. Thyroid hormone and the central control of homeostasis. J Mol En-docrinol 49: R29–35, 2012
86.
Zurück zum Zitat Weetman AP. The immunopathogenesis of chronic autoimmune thyroiditis one century after Hashimoto. Eur Thyroid J 1: 243–250, 2012PubMedCentralPubMed Weetman AP. The immunopathogenesis of chronic autoimmune thyroiditis one century after Hashimoto. Eur Thyroid J 1: 243–250, 2012PubMedCentralPubMed
87.
Zurück zum Zitat Zuliani L, Graus F, Giometto B, et al. Central nervous neuronal surface antibody associat-ed syndromes: review and guidelines for recognition. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 83: 638–645, 2012PubMedCentralPubMed Zuliani L, Graus F, Giometto B, et al. Central nervous neuronal surface antibody associat-ed syndromes: review and guidelines for recognition. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 83: 638–645, 2012PubMedCentralPubMed
88.
Zurück zum Zitat Arya R, Anand V, Chansoria M. Hashimoto encephalopathy presenting as progressive myoclonus epilepsy syndrome. Eur J Paediatr Neurol 17: 102–104, 2013PubMed Arya R, Anand V, Chansoria M. Hashimoto encephalopathy presenting as progressive myoclonus epilepsy syndrome. Eur J Paediatr Neurol 17: 102–104, 2013PubMed
89.
Zurück zum Zitat Bien CG, Bauer J. Pathophsiologie antikörperassoiziierter ZNS-Erkrankungen. Nervenarzt 84: 466–470, 2013PubMed Bien CG, Bauer J. Pathophsiologie antikörperassoiziierter ZNS-Erkrankungen. Nervenarzt 84: 466–470, 2013PubMed
91.
Zurück zum Zitat Hacohen Y, Wright S, Waters P, et al. Paediatric autoimmune ecephalopathie: clinical fea-tures, laboratory investigations and outcomes in patients with or without antibodies to known central nervous autoantigens. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 84: 748–755, 2013PubMedCentralPubMed Hacohen Y, Wright S, Waters P, et al. Paediatric autoimmune ecephalopathie: clinical fea-tures, laboratory investigations and outcomes in patients with or without antibodies to known central nervous autoantigens. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 84: 748–755, 2013PubMedCentralPubMed
92.
Zurück zum Zitat Brix MA, Macharia BN. Autoimmune thyroid disorders. ISRN Endocrinology 1: 1–9, 2013 Brix MA, Macharia BN. Autoimmune thyroid disorders. ISRN Endocrinology 1: 1–9, 2013
93.
Zurück zum Zitat Kim SJ, Jeung EH, Park MK, et al. Serial changes in diffusion-weigthed magnetic reso-nance images with hypoperfusion on brain SPECT in a case of Hashimoto’s encephalopa-thy: understanding pathophysiology of Hashimoto’s encephalopathy. Dementia and Neu-rocog Disord 12: 29–32, 2013 Kim SJ, Jeung EH, Park MK, et al. Serial changes in diffusion-weigthed magnetic reso-nance images with hypoperfusion on brain SPECT in a case of Hashimoto’s encephalopa-thy: understanding pathophysiology of Hashimoto’s encephalopathy. Dementia and Neu-rocog Disord 12: 29–32, 2013
94.
Zurück zum Zitat Kishitani T, Matsunaga A, Yoneda M. The biomarker and treatment in Hashimoto’s ence-phalopathy [Artikel auf Japanisch]. Nihon Rinsho 71: 893–897, 2013PubMed Kishitani T, Matsunaga A, Yoneda M. The biomarker and treatment in Hashimoto’s ence-phalopathy [Artikel auf Japanisch]. Nihon Rinsho 71: 893–897, 2013PubMed
95.
Zurück zum Zitat Levhe T, Ethofer T, Bretscher J, et al. Low performance in attention testing is associated with reduced grey matter density of the left inerior frontal gyrus in euthyroid patients with Hashimoto`s thyroiditis. Brain Behav Immun 27: 33–37, 2013 Levhe T, Ethofer T, Bretscher J, et al. Low performance in attention testing is associated with reduced grey matter density of the left inerior frontal gyrus in euthyroid patients with Hashimoto`s thyroiditis. Brain Behav Immun 27: 33–37, 2013
96.
Zurück zum Zitat Mamoudjy N, Korff C, Maurey H, et al. Hashimoto’s encephalopathy: identification and long-term outcome in children. Eur J Paed Neurol 17: 280–287, 2013 Mamoudjy N, Korff C, Maurey H, et al. Hashimoto’s encephalopathy: identification and long-term outcome in children. Eur J Paed Neurol 17: 280–287, 2013
97.
Zurück zum Zitat Matsunaga A, Ikawa M, Fujii A, et al. Hashimoto’s encephalopathy as a treatable adult-onset cerebellar ataxia mimicking spinocerebellar degeneration. Eur Neurol 69: 14–20, 2013PubMed Matsunaga A, Ikawa M, Fujii A, et al. Hashimoto’s encephalopathy as a treatable adult-onset cerebellar ataxia mimicking spinocerebellar degeneration. Eur Neurol 69: 14–20, 2013PubMed
98.
Zurück zum Zitat Mitani T, Aida N, Tomivasu M, et al. Transient ischemic attack-like episodes without stroke-like lesions in MELAS. Pediatr Radiol 43: 1400–1403, 2013PubMed Mitani T, Aida N, Tomivasu M, et al. Transient ischemic attack-like episodes without stroke-like lesions in MELAS. Pediatr Radiol 43: 1400–1403, 2013PubMed
99.
Zurück zum Zitat Olmez I, Moses H, Sriram S, et al. Diagnostic and therapeutic aspects of Hashimoto’s en-cephalopathy. J Neurol Sci 331: 67–71, 2013PubMed Olmez I, Moses H, Sriram S, et al. Diagnostic and therapeutic aspects of Hashimoto’s en-cephalopathy. J Neurol Sci 331: 67–71, 2013PubMed
100.
Zurück zum Zitat Whang J, Zhang J, Xu L, et al. Cognitive impairments in Hashimoto’s encephalopathy: a case-control study. PLOS One 8: e55758, 2013 Whang J, Zhang J, Xu L, et al. Cognitive impairments in Hashimoto’s encephalopathy: a case-control study. PLOS One 8: e55758, 2013
101.
Zurück zum Zitat van Coevorden-Hameete HM, de Graaff E, Titulaer MJ, et al. Molecular and cellular mechanisms underlying ant-neuronal antibody mediated disorders of the central nervous system. Autoimmun Rev 134: 299–312, 2014 van Coevorden-Hameete HM, de Graaff E, Titulaer MJ, et al. Molecular and cellular mechanisms underlying ant-neuronal antibody mediated disorders of the central nervous system. Autoimmun Rev 134: 299–312, 2014
102.
Zurück zum Zitat Chiarella G, Tognini S, Nacci A, et al. Vestibular disorders in euthyroid patients with Hash-imoto’s thyroiditis: role of thyroid autoimmunity. Clin Endocrinol 81: 600–605, 2014 Chiarella G, Tognini S, Nacci A, et al. Vestibular disorders in euthyroid patients with Hash-imoto’s thyroiditis: role of thyroid autoimmunity. Clin Endocrinol 81: 600–605, 2014
103.
Zurück zum Zitat Corr A, Gaughan M, Moroney J, et al. MELAS, an important consideration in the adult population presenting with unusual and recurrent stroke-like episodes. BMJ Case Rep pii: bcr2013201640. doi: 10.1136/bcr-2013-201640, 2014 Corr A, Gaughan M, Moroney J, et al. MELAS, an important consideration in the adult population presenting with unusual and recurrent stroke-like episodes. BMJ Case Rep pii: bcr2013201640. doi: 10.1136/bcr-2013-201640, 2014
104.
Zurück zum Zitat Imperiale D, Labate C, Testi R, et al. Clinical and neuropathological findings in Hashimoto’s encephalopathy: a case report. Neurol Sci 35: 327–329, 2014PubMed Imperiale D, Labate C, Testi R, et al. Clinical and neuropathological findings in Hashimoto’s encephalopathy: a case report. Neurol Sci 35: 327–329, 2014PubMed
105.
Zurück zum Zitat Leyhe T, Müssig K. Cognitive and affective dysfunction in autoimmune thyroiditis. Brain Behav Immun 41: 261–266, 2014PubMed Leyhe T, Müssig K. Cognitive and affective dysfunction in autoimmune thyroiditis. Brain Behav Immun 41: 261–266, 2014PubMed
106.
Zurück zum Zitat Mukherjee S, Samanta L, Roy A, et al. Supplementation of T3 Recovers Hypothyroid Rat Liver Cells from Oxidatively Damaged Inner Mitochondrial Membrane Leading to Apopto-sis. BioMed Res Internat 2014:590897. doi:10.1155/2014/590897, 2014 Mukherjee S, Samanta L, Roy A, et al. Supplementation of T3 Recovers Hypothyroid Rat Liver Cells from Oxidatively Damaged Inner Mitochondrial Membrane Leading to Apopto-sis. BioMed Res Internat 2014:590897. doi:10.1155/2014/590897, 2014
107.
Zurück zum Zitat Quinque EM, Karger S, Arélin K, et al. Structural and functional MRI study if the brain, cognition and mood in long-term adequately treated Hashimoto`s thyroiditis. Psychoendo-crinology 42: 188–198, 2014 Quinque EM, Karger S, Arélin K, et al. Structural and functional MRI study if the brain, cognition and mood in long-term adequately treated Hashimoto`s thyroiditis. Psychoendo-crinology 42: 188–198, 2014
108.
Zurück zum Zitat Ikawa M, Muramatsu T, Sugimoto K, et al. Pathophysiological decrease in the regional cerebral blood flow in Hashimoto’s encephalopathy: A multiple-case SPECT study (S30.004). Neurology 84: Suppl. S30.004, 2015 Ikawa M, Muramatsu T, Sugimoto K, et al. Pathophysiological decrease in the regional cerebral blood flow in Hashimoto’s encephalopathy: A multiple-case SPECT study (S30.004). Neurology 84: Suppl. S30.004, 2015
109.
Zurück zum Zitat Mariotto S, Bonetti B, Donato F, et al. Ophthalmoparesis mimicking myasthenia gravis as acute manifestation of Hashimoto’s encephalopathy. J Mult Scler 2.2, 2015 Mariotto S, Bonetti B, Donato F, et al. Ophthalmoparesis mimicking myasthenia gravis as acute manifestation of Hashimoto’s encephalopathy. J Mult Scler 2.2, 2015
110.
Zurück zum Zitat Bartens W. Das Dilemma der Diagnose in SZ, Rubrik Wissen vom 26.06.2015 Bartens W. Das Dilemma der Diagnose in SZ, Rubrik Wissen vom 26.06.2015
111.
Zurück zum Zitat Selim M, Drachman DA. Ataxia associated with Hashimoto’s disease: progressive non-familial adult onset degeneration with autoimmune thyroiditis. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 71: 81–87, 2001PubMedCentralPubMed Selim M, Drachman DA. Ataxia associated with Hashimoto’s disease: progressive non-familial adult onset degeneration with autoimmune thyroiditis. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 71: 81–87, 2001PubMedCentralPubMed
112.
Zurück zum Zitat Fujii A, Yoneda M, Ito Y, et al. Autoantibodies against the amino terminal of alpha-enolase are a useful diagnostic marker of Hashimoto’s encephalopathy. J Neuroimmunol 162: 130–160, 2005PubMed Fujii A, Yoneda M, Ito Y, et al. Autoantibodies against the amino terminal of alpha-enolase are a useful diagnostic marker of Hashimoto’s encephalopathy. J Neuroimmunol 162: 130–160, 2005PubMed
113.
Zurück zum Zitat Mijjajlovic M, Mirkovic M, Dackovic J, et al. Clinical manifestations, diagnostic criteria and therapy of Hashimoto’s encephalopathy: report of two cases. J Neurol Sci 288: 194–196, 2010 Mijjajlovic M, Mirkovic M, Dackovic J, et al. Clinical manifestations, diagnostic criteria and therapy of Hashimoto’s encephalopathy: report of two cases. J Neurol Sci 288: 194–196, 2010
114.
Zurück zum Zitat Bodiabaduge AP, Jayasekera B, McShane M, et al. Why the confusion in Hashimoto’s encephalopathy? BMJ Case Reports doi:10.1136/bcr.03.2011.4020, 2011 Bodiabaduge AP, Jayasekera B, McShane M, et al. Why the confusion in Hashimoto’s encephalopathy? BMJ Case Reports doi:10.1136/bcr.03.2011.4020, 2011
115.
Zurück zum Zitat de Holanda NC, de Lima DD, Cavalcanti TB, et al. Hashimoto’s encephalopathy: systematic review of the literature and an additional case. J Neuropsychiatr Clin Neurosci 23: 384–390, 2011 de Holanda NC, de Lima DD, Cavalcanti TB, et al. Hashimoto’s encephalopathy: systematic review of the literature and an additional case. J Neuropsychiatr Clin Neurosci 23: 384–390, 2011
116.
Zurück zum Zitat Li L, Zheng FP, Wang G, et al. Recurrent Hashimoto’s encephalopathy showing spontaneous remission: a case report. Intern Med 50: 1309–1312, 2011PubMed Li L, Zheng FP, Wang G, et al. Recurrent Hashimoto’s encephalopathy showing spontaneous remission: a case report. Intern Med 50: 1309–1312, 2011PubMed
117.
Zurück zum Zitat Stuart A. The changing scene in Hashimoto’s disease: a review. Med Hypotheses 77: 424–426, 2011PubMed Stuart A. The changing scene in Hashimoto’s disease: a review. Med Hypotheses 77: 424–426, 2011PubMed
118.
Zurück zum Zitat Mirabelli-Badenier M, Biancheri R, Morana G, et al. Anti-NMDAR encephalitis misdiagnosed as Hashimoto`s encephalopathy. Eur J Pediatr Neurol 18: 72–74, 2014 Mirabelli-Badenier M, Biancheri R, Morana G, et al. Anti-NMDAR encephalitis misdiagnosed as Hashimoto`s encephalopathy. Eur J Pediatr Neurol 18: 72–74, 2014
Metadaten
Titel
Neurologische Kasuistik
Ist die Schilddrüse wirklich schuld?
verfasst von
Dr. med. Peter Franz
Publikationsdatum
12.08.2015
Verlag
Urban & Vogel
Erschienen in
NeuroTransmitter / Ausgabe 7-8/2015
Print ISSN: 1436-123X
Elektronische ISSN: 2196-6397
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s15016-015-0754-5

Weitere Artikel der Ausgabe 7-8/2015

NeuroTransmitter 7-8/2015 Zur Ausgabe

OriginalPaper

Konsumspiegel

Rund um den Beruf

Was ist neu?

Leitlinien kompakt für die Neurologie

Mit medbee Pocketcards sicher entscheiden.

Seit 2022 gehört die medbee GmbH zum Springer Medizin Verlag

Nicht Creutzfeldt Jakob, sondern Abführtee-Vergiftung

29.05.2024 Hyponatriämie Nachrichten

Eine ältere Frau trinkt regelmäßig Sennesblättertee gegen ihre Verstopfung. Der scheint plötzlich gut zu wirken. Auf Durchfall und Erbrechen folgt allerdings eine Hyponatriämie. Nach deren Korrektur kommt es plötzlich zu progredienten Kognitions- und Verhaltensstörungen.

Sozialer Aufstieg verringert Demenzgefahr

24.05.2024 Demenz Nachrichten

Ein hohes soziales Niveau ist mit die beste Versicherung gegen eine Demenz. Noch geringer ist das Demenzrisiko für Menschen, die sozial aufsteigen: Sie gewinnen fast zwei demenzfreie Lebensjahre. Umgekehrt steigt die Demenzgefahr beim sozialen Abstieg.

Hirnblutung unter DOAK und VKA ähnlich bedrohlich

17.05.2024 Direkte orale Antikoagulanzien Nachrichten

Kommt es zu einer nichttraumatischen Hirnblutung, spielt es keine große Rolle, ob die Betroffenen zuvor direkt wirksame orale Antikoagulanzien oder Marcumar bekommen haben: Die Prognose ist ähnlich schlecht.

Was nützt die Kraniektomie bei schwerer tiefer Hirnblutung?

17.05.2024 Hirnblutung Nachrichten

Eine Studie zum Nutzen der druckentlastenden Kraniektomie nach schwerer tiefer supratentorieller Hirnblutung deutet einen Nutzen der Operation an. Für überlebende Patienten ist das dennoch nur eine bedingt gute Nachricht.

Update Neurologie

Bestellen Sie unseren Fach-Newsletter und bleiben Sie gut informiert.