Nineteen instruments were used to assess HRQoL (an overview of characteristics and descriptions of each instrument is presented in Table 2 (ESM Appendix C)). Of those instruments, the 36-item Short-Form (SF-36) was used most frequently (
n = 40) [
37,
39,
41‐
44,
47,
50,
52,
61‐
65,
68,
71‐
73,
76,
77,
81,
90,
95,
97‐
99,
160,
161,
165,
168‐
170,
173,
176,
181‐
183,
186,
195,
196] followed by the EuroQoL-5 Dimension Questionnaire (EQ-5D,
n = 39) [
38,
40,
44,
47,
53,
55‐
57,
60,
64,
65,
68,
76,
77,
84,
88,
91,
92,
94,
96,
100,
167,
171,
176‐
178,
180‐
182,
185,
186,
190‐
195,
198,
199] and 12-itemed Short-Form (SF-12) (
n = 17) [
45,
46,
66,
67,
69,
70,
79,
80,
82,
83,
89,
172,
174,
175,
177,
187,
188]. A substantial number of studies (
n = 32) used multiple tools to measure the HRQoL [
38,
44‐
47,
64‐
70,
76,
77,
79,
80,
82,
83,
96,
161,
167,
169,
176‐
178,
181,
182,
186,
192,
195,
196,
199]. The Polytrauma Outcome (POLO) chart, which combines the Trauma Outcome Profile (TOP), Glasgow Outcome Scale (GOS), EQ-5D and SF-36, has been validated recently by multiple studies, and was used in 6 articles [
49,
58,
74,
75,
78,
189]. The remaining studies used the TOP (
n = 11) [
47,
48,
51,
65,
68,
76,
77,
93,
179,
181,
182], Hannover Score for Polytrauma Outcome (HASPOC,
n = 10) [
45,
46,
66,
67,
69,
70,
79,
80,
82,
83], a subjective scale (
n = 5) [
33,
36,
38,
59,
61], the Sickness Impact Profile (SIP,
n = 5) [
38,
54,
87,
159,
161], the Quality-of-Wellbeing scale (QWB scale,
n = 4) [
34,
158,
162,
163], the Paediatric Quality of Life Inventory (PedsQL) (
n = 3) [
167,
192,
199], the Nottingham Health Profile (NHP,
n = 3) [
35,
47,
196], the Life satisfaction checklist (LiSat9 and LiSat11,
n = 2) [
86,
169], The Quality of Life after Brain Injury (QOLIBRI,
n = 2) [
65,
181], the Trauma-specific QoL questionnaire (T-QoL) (
n = 2) [
184,
197], the Classification of disability by the International Classification of Impairment, Disabilities and Handicaps (
n = 1) [
164], the Hadorn’s QoL and health questionnaire (
n = 1) [
101], the Quality-of-Life-questionnaire (
n = 1) [
32], the St. George’s Respiratory questionnaire (
n = 1) [
166], and the RAND-36 (
n = 1) [
85]. The latter tool includes the same item-set as the SF-36 but differs in scoring; it will therefore be discussed separately.