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Freier Beitrag

Motorische Koordinationsdefizite im Kindesalter

Welche Bedeutung haben kognitive Basisfunktionen?

Published Online:November 29, 2010https://doi.org/10.1026/0942-5403/a000024

Abstract

In vorliegender Studie wurden kognitive Basisfunktionen bei Kindern mit niedrigen motorisch-koordinativen Leistungen und mit Risiko für motorische Entwicklungsstörungen untersucht. Insgesamt 179 Kinder im Alter von 7 Jahren wurden mit einer motorischen Testbatterie (M-ABC-2) getestet; 34 wiesen unterdurchschnittliche koordinative Fähigkeiten auf, 8 wurden als Risikokinder identifiziert. Alle Kinder absolvierten kognitiv-exekutive Aufgaben zu Aufmerksamkeits- und Arbeitsgedächtnisfunktionen. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass koordinativ unterdurchschnittliche Kinder in kognitiv-exekutiven Bereichen der Aufmerksamkeit zwar aufgabenübergreifend langsamer waren, die Leistungsgenauigkeit aber vergleichbar mit koordinativ unauffälligen Kindern ist. Dagegen zeigen Kinder mit Risiko für eine motorische Entwicklungsstörung qualitativ schlechtere Genauigkeitsleistungen. Die Arbeitsgedächtnisleistungen sind von den koordinativen Leistungen weitgehend unabhängig. Die Ergebnisse werden hinsichtlich möglicher Prozesse diskutiert, die kognitiven Problemen bei motorischen Entwicklungsstörungen zugrunde liegen können.


Motor coordination impairments in childhood: The role of individual differences in cognitive functions

The aim of the present study was to explore cognitive functions in children with poor motor coordination and in children at risk for developmental coordination disorder. A total of 179 children aged 7 years were tested with a motor test battery (M-ABC-2), and completed several attention and working memory tasks with executive demands. Thirty-four children showed motor coordination performance below average, 8 children were identified as being at risk for developmental coordination disorder. Results revealed that children with motor coordination below average reacted slower but not less accurately in the attention tasks compared to children with normative motor coordination. In contrast, children at risk for developmental coordination disorder showed lower accuracy in attentional control tasks. Working memory was not associated with motor coordination. Results are discussed in terms of processes underlying cognitive problems related to developmental coordination disorder.

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