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Open access

Police-Citizen Encounters That Involve Mental Health Concerns: Results of an Ontario Police Services Survey

Publication: Canadian Journal of Community Mental Health
19 November 2010

Abstract

The present study surveyed police services in Ontario to learn about changes in volume of contacts with persons with mental illness and use of pre-arrest diversion practices between 2003 and 2007, when significant new funding was provided to community mental health services. Participants included 37 municipal services (54% of services serving 92% of provincial population) and the Ontario Provincial Police. Findings indicated a trend of increasing police encounters with persons with mental illness. Police services had a range of diversion practices in place although actual implementation was lower. Some of these practices were implemented after 2005, coinciding with the entry of the new resources, although other system activities during that period also promoted police-mental health system collaboration and pre-arrest diversion. Police service ability to report data improved over the study period, but common reporting practices are lacking. Continuing work to create a provincial standardized database of police-citizen encounter data would facilitate efforts to better understand when and how diversion practices are implemented and with what results.

Résumé

Cette étude nous a permis de faire une enquête auprès des services de police, en Ontario, pour évaluer les changements survenus, entre 2003 et 2007 (période au cours de laquelle un financement supplémentaire significatif a été injecté dans le système de santé mentale communautaire), dans le nombre d'interventions touchant des personnes ayant des problèmes de santé mentale et l'utilisation de pratiques de pré-arrestation et de non-judiciarisation. Les services de police de 37 municipalités (54 % des services, desservant 92 % de la population de la province) et la Police provinciale de l'Ontario ont participé à cette enquête. Nos observations indiquent que le nombre d'interventions de la police auprès de personnes ayant des problèmes de santé mentale a augmenté. Les policiers disposaient d'une gamme de procédures autres que l'arrestation et la judiciarisation, mais, dans la pratique, l'utilisation de ces procédures était peu répandue. Certaines de ces procédures ont effectivement été mises en place après 2005, c'est-à-dire au moment de l'injection du nouveau financement; mais, au même moment, d'autres efforts ont été faits pour encourager la collaboration entre la police et le système de santé mentale et les pratiques de pré-arrestation et de non-judiciarisation. La capacité de la police à transmettre ce type de données s'est accrue durant la période étudiée, mais ce n'est pas encore une pratique courante. Il est donc nécessaire de poursuivre le travail pour établir une banque de données provinciale standardisée des interventions de la police auprès des citoyens, pour que nous puissions mieux comprendre quand et comment des pratiques de non-judiciarisation sont mises en place et avec quels résultats.

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Published In

cover image Canadian Journal of Community Mental Health
Canadian Journal of Community Mental Health
Volume 29Number S5January 2010
Pages: 53 - 71

History

Version of record online: 19 November 2010

Authors

Affiliations

Janet Durbin
Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, University of Toronto
Elizabeth Lin
Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Institute for Clinical Evaluative Sciences, University of Toronto
Natalia Zaslavska
Centre for Addiction and Mental Health

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