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18.05.2022 | Original Contribution

Associations of coffee/caffeine consumption with postmenopausal breast cancer risk and their interactions with postmenopausal hormone use

verfasst von: Lusine Yaghjyan, Eric McLaughlin, Amy Lehman, Marian L. Neuhouser, Thomas Rohan, Dorothy S. Lane, Linda Snetselaar, Electra Paskett

Erschienen in: European Journal of Nutrition | Ausgabe 7/2022

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Abstract

Purpose

We investigated the association of coffee and caffeine with breast cancer (BCa) risk, overall and by ER/PR status. We also examined potential interactions of coffee and caffeine with postmenopausal hormone use.

Methods

Our study included 77,688 postmenopausal participants from the Women’s Health Initiative observational study cohort without a history of any cancer at baseline (except non-melanoma skin) and with valid Food Frequency Questionnaire data and complete data on dietary caffeine. Regular coffee (none, 1, 2–3, 4–5, and ≥ 6 cups/day) and caffeine (tertiles) were assessed at baseline. Information on BCa risk factors was collected at baseline. The associations were examined using survival analysis, accounting for death as a competing risk.

Results

The median follow-up time for our cohort was 18.3 years. During the follow-up, 5005 women developed invasive breast cancer. In multivariable analysis, coffee was not associated with the overall invasive BCa risk. Higher caffeine intake was mildly associated with increased BCa risk (2nd vs. 1st tertile SHR = 1.10, 95% CI 1.03–1.18, 3rd vs. 1st tertile SHR–1.05, 95% CI 0.98–1.13, overall p = 0.03). We found no interaction of coffee/caffeine with postmenopausal hormone use (p interaction = 0.44 and 0.42, respectively). In the exploratory analysis by ER/PR status, we found a positive association of caffeine with ER+ /PR+ BCa (2nd vs. 1st tertile SHR = 1.17, 95% CI 1.07–1.28, 3rd vs. 1st tertile SHR = 1.13, 95% CI 1.03–1.24, overall p = 0.002); no associations were observed for ER−/PR− tumors. Coffee was not associated with the risk of ER+ /PR+ or ER−/PR− tumors.

Conclusion

We found no associations of coffee with BCa risk, overall and for ER/PR-defined tumor subtypes. The higher caffeine consumption was mildly and positively associated with the overall BCa risk and with ER+ /PR+ tumors.

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Titel: Associations of coffee/caffeine consumption with postmenopausal breast cancer risk and their interactions with postmenopausal hormone use
verfasst von: Lusine Yaghjyan
Eric McLaughlin
Amy Lehman
Marian L. Neuhouser
Thomas Rohan
Dorothy S. Lane
Linda Snetselaar
Electra Paskett
Publikationsdatum: 18.05.2022
Verlag: Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Erschienen in: European Journal of Nutrition / Ausgabe 7/2022
Print ISSN: 1436-6207
Elektronische ISSN: 1436-6215
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00394-022-02899-8

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Associations of coffee/caffeine consumption with postmenopausal breast cancer risk and their interactions with postmenopausal hormone use